çekim: geçmiş grub · ortaç gegraben · şimdiki gräbt · ulaç grabend
köken: From Middle High German graben, from Old High German graban, from Proto-West Germanic *graban. Cognate with English grave (“to dig”), Polish grzebać (“to bury”), Czech hřésti (“to bury”). Doublet of gravieren. Compare German Grab (“grave”), Serbo-Croatian and Slovene grob (“grave”), Czech and Slovak hrob (“grave”), Polish grób (“grave”).
köken: From Middle Dutch geule, from two possible origins (which may have merged): * from Old French goule (“mouth”), and/or * from Old Dutch *gulja (as in the hydronym Geul, attested in 10th-century Latin as Gulia), of Proto-Germanic origin; perhaps cognate with Swedish göl.
köken: Inherited from Latin rīpa, from Proto-Italic *reipā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁réyp-eh₂ (“steep slope”), from *h₁reyp- (“to tear, tear down”).
köken: From a Turkic language. Compare Turkish arık (“irrigation ditch”),⁽ᵗʳ⁾ Uyghur ئېرىق (ëriq), and Kyrgyz арык (arık).⁽ᵏʸ⁾ As a wanderword, its cognates occur in other languages, such as Persian [script needed] (arīq), West Circassian арыкъ (arəq), and Russian арык (aryk)⁽ʳᵘ⁾.
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm Proto-Italic *kom Proto-Italic *kom- Latin con- Proto-Indo-European *welH-? Latin vallis Latin convallis From con- + vallis (“valley”).