köken: Inherited from Old East Slavic жестъкъ (žestŭkŭ), from Proto-Slavic *žestъkъ. Cognate to Old Church Slavonic жестъ (žestŭ, “hard”), жестѣти (žestěti, “to harden”). Also related to жесто́кий (žestókij, “cruel”).
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *Hreyǵ-der. Proto-Italic *rigēō Latin rigeō Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der. Proto-Italic *-iðos Latin -idus Latin rigidus From rigeō (“to be stiff”) + -idus.
köken: From Proto-Vietic *kəŋʔ. Compare Khmer កឹង (kəng) and Pacoh câng. Possibly related to nứng (“horny”), through an infixed form. Similarities to Chinese 勁 (OC *keŋ-s) (SV: kình, kính), 強 (OC *N-kaŋ, *m-kaŋʔ) (SV: cường, cưỡng), 剛 (OC *kˤaŋ) (SV: cương), 堅 (OC *kˤi[ŋ]) (SV: kiên) are probably coincidental. The Austroasiatic words might also be borrowed from another source that gave rise to one of…
firm, strong, rigid (capable of resisting the actions of mechanical forces without harm or change) · firm, strong, sturdy (having much strength; physically well developed, not weak, not brittle) · firm, strong (done, happening with energy, strength; affecting (something else) strongly)
çekim: karşılaştırma stingrāks · üstünlük visstingrākais
eş: spēcīgs, stiprs
köken: From the same stem as the verb stingt (“to harden, to stiffen”) (q.v.), with an extra (adjectivizing?) r. A parallel form without the r yielded stings (“stiff, numb”). Cognates include Lithuanian stiñgras (“firm, strict”), stingrùs, sti̇̀ngrus (“rigid, stiff, numb; hard, solid; strained; heavy”). The verb stiñgt (“to stiffen”) is cognate with Lithuanian sti̇̀ngti (“id.”). According to Karulis,…
köken: From Old Galician-Portuguese yrto, from Vulgar Latin *erctus, vernacular variant of Classical Latin ērēctus, therefore a doublet of ereto. Despite the resemblance, unlikely to derive from Latin hirtus (“shaggy”). Compare Portuguese hirto, Spanish yerto.