by means of; by; through · through; entering, then exiting · through (a period of time)
eş: mittels, vermittels, dank, hindurch, während
köken: From Middle High German durch, from Old High German duruh, from Proto-Germanic *þurhw. Cognate with English through, thorough, Dutch door, West Frisian troch, Yiddish דורך (durkh).
eş: in ogni luogo, ovunque, dovunque, in tutti i luoghi, da qualsiasi parte, dovunque
köken: Univerbation of da + per + tutto. Compare French partout, Catalan pertot and Spanish por todas partes for similar constructions.
Rusçaнаскво́зь, по все́й, по все́м, по всему́, повсю́ду, сквозь /skvosʲ/
through
eş: через
köken: Inherited from Old East Slavic сквозѣ (skvozě, “through, across”), a locative case of Proto-Slavic *skvozъ (“aperture”). Related to сква́жина (skvážina).
until · voila; soon, shortly; suddenly · only; scarcely; as soon as; when, as
eş: gw. (Górny Śląsk) aże
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)ōd Proto-Balto-Slavic *ō Proto-Slavic *a Proto-Indo-European *gʰe Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge Proto-Slavic *že univ. Proto-Slavic *aže Old Polish aż Polish aż Inherited from Old Polish aż.
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰárati Sanskrit भर॑ति (bhárati) Prakrit 𑀪𑀭𑀇 (bharaï) Hindi भरना (bharnā) Hindi भर Deverbal form of भरना (bharnā).
köken: From Proto-Italic *per, from Proto-Indo-European *per-. Cognates include Ancient Greek περί (perí), Sanskrit परि (pári), Lithuanian per, Albanian për and English for. The accusative is from the pre-PIE directional.
through (in space, from one side to the other) · through (in space, from the outside, through an opening or through a barrier) · through, during (in time, from the beginning to the end)
köken: From Old Norse gegnum, dative of the adjective gegn (“right, fitting”), derived from the preposition gegn (“against”), from Proto-Germanic *gagin (“towards”). Compare also Danish igen, English again, against, German gegen, entgegen.