friend · boyfriend · blood relative (in the sense of a person that is or should be one’s friend by nature)
çekim: çoğul Freunde · tamlayan Freundes
köken: Inherited from Middle High German vriunt, from Old High German friunt, from Proto-West Germanic *friund, from Proto-Germanic *frijōndz (“lit., the loving one; lover, loved one, friend”), from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *preyH-. Cognate with Dutch vriend, German Low German Fründ, Luxembourgish Frënd, West Frisian freon, English friend, Danish frænde (“relative”), Faroese frændi (“friend,…
buddy, mate · comrade (companion or fellow socialist or communist)
çekim: çoğul camarades
eş: copain, ami, compagnon, condisciple
köken: From Spanish camarada, itself from cámara (“chamber”) rather than Italian camerata which is slightly later but which influenced the form camerade which is attested in the 16th and 17th centuries. Both Italian and Spanish correspond to the construction of French chambrée. Before 1571, camarade ("soldiers' dormitory") is feminine. 1587, in military slang camarade either masculine or feminine, with…
friend, mate, pal, companion · rafiq (a rank in the order of the assassins, below da'i) · comrade (fellow socialist, communist or other very politically leftist person)
köken: Learned borrowing from Byzantine Greek συνάδελφος (sunádelphos, “member of a (military) company”), from Ancient Greek συνάδελφος (sunádelphos, “who has siblings”), with semantic loan from French confrère. By surface analysis, συν- (syn-) + αδελφός (adelfós).
köken: First attested in the Beonyeok nogeoldae (飜譯老乞大 / 번역노걸대), 1517, as Middle Korean 도ᇰ모〮 (Yale: twòngmwó). May be ultimately of Sino-Korean origin, from 동모 (同謀, dongmo, “planning together; complotting; collusion”). Alternatively, it could be of native origin and influenced by 동 (同, dong, “together”); compare Japanese 友(とも) (tomo, “friend, pal”).
köken: Either a loan from Yiddish חבֿר (khaver, “friend, boyfriend”), or a blend of kamraati + toveri. The former of these is now considered more likely. The word is also attested in the sense “companion (in crime)”, so it may have originated in argot.
friend, companion, buddy (person with whom one associates often, shares mutual trust and attachment) · colleague, associate, partner, comrade (person with whom one shares work, interests, or goals) · peer, equal (person in the same social position or collective)
çekim: çoğul друга́ри
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-der. Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás Proto-Slavic *drȗgъ Old Church Slavonic дроугъ (drugŭ) Bulgarian друг (drug) Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzijos Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Gothic -𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 (-areis)bor. Proto-Slavic *-ařь Bulgarian -ар (-ar) Bulgarian другар From друг (drug) + -ар (-ar).
comrade, fellow, mate · A common word used to address countrymen in the period of USSR (male or female)
çekim: çoğul ამხანაგები · tamlayan ამხანაგის
köken: From Middle Persian *ham-xānag, from [Term?] (/ham-/, “together”) + 𐭡𐭩𐭲𐭠 (BYTA /xānag/, “house”). Compare also Mingrelian აფხანაკი (apxanaḳi) and Svan აფხნეგ (apxneg).