köken: From Old Galician-Portuguese firme, from Vulgar Latin firmis, from Latin firmus, from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”).
brick-built · cast-iron, ironclad (solid or certain; not able to be disputed or questioned; irrefutable) · cast-iron, ironclad (reliable)
eş: pewny, stuprocentowy
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *mey- Proto-Indo-European *-rós Proto-Italic *moiros Latin mūrusbor. Proto-West Germanic *mūrā Old High German mūra Middle High German mūrbor. Old Polish mur Polish mur Proto-Indo-European *h₂euh₁-der.? Proto-Slavic *-ovati Old Polish -ować Polish -ować Polish murować Proto-Slavic *-anъ Proto-Indo-European *-(e-)nós Proto-Slavic *-ěnъ Old Polish -any Polish -any…
köken: By surface analysis, stō (“stand firm”) + -bilis. Poultney compares the term to Umbrian 𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌚𐌋𐌉 (stafli) and reconstructs Proto-Italic *staðlis, though De Vaan leaves the etymology of the Umbrian term as uncertain.
köken: From คง (kong, “to keep, to maintain; to remain, to stay”) + เส้น (sên, “rope, a traditional unit of length”) + คง (kong, “to keep, to maintain; to remain, to stay”) + วา (waa, “fathom, a traditional unit of length”).