köken: Deverbal of créner (“to kern”), from crenedes (“notched”), from Vulgar Latin *crinare, probably of Celtic/Gaulish origin, from Proto-Celtic *krini-, from Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to divide, separate”). Or, less likely, from Latin cernō (“to separate”), itself from the same root.
aile: cran d'arrêt, être à cran, monter d'un cran
Ce garçon a du cran, pour oser sauter en parachute.
audacity, nerve, insolence, impudence (brazenness, bold and shameless behavior) · an act or utterance that is an instance of the above; a rude remark, etc.
çekim: çoğul fräckheter · tamlayan fräckhets
köken: fräck + -het, like German Frechheit
Han hade fräckheten att ljuga mig rätt upp i ansiktet
an oak apple, gall-nut · a harsh, sour kind of wine
çekim: çoğul gallae · tamlayan gallae
köken: There are various hypotheses: * Perhaps from or influenced by Germanic, if the sense is "poison-sore"; see Proto-Germanic *gallǭ (English gall (“bile”)) or *gallô (“sore, swelling, lesion”) (English gall (“sore”)). * From Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“form into a ball; ball”). Cognate with Latin glaeba, glomus and Proto-Germanic *klumpô (“mass, lump, clump; clasp”).
gall (chiefly the oak gall or oak apple) · eyeball
çekim: çoğul bugallos
köken: Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Celtic *bul(l)aka-, whence Old Irish bolach (“swelling, blister”), influenced by Latin galla. Cognate with Portuguese bugalho