[with dative] on, upon (positioned at the top of) · [with accusative] on, onto, up (moving to the top of) · [with accusative] on (indicating responsibility)
eş: bei, zu, für
köken: From Middle High German ūf, from Old High German ūf, from Proto-Germanic *upp. This form with a lengthened vowel is originally Upper German. Central German forms were Middle High German uf and (western) up. Compare Dutch op, Low German op, Luxembourgish op, English up.
köken: Compound of a (“to; at”) + través (“[the] turn”, from Latin trānsversus) + de (“of”). Compare Portuguese através de, Italian attraverso and French à travers.
for (on behalf of) · for (in order to obtain) · for (over a period of time)
eş: per
köken: From Old Galician-Portuguese por, from Late Latin pōr, from Latin prō (“for”) (with metathetic shift under the influence of per). Usurped the roles of Latin per.
eş: za pośrednictwem, za pomocą, przy pomocy, z pomocą, przez, ustami
köken: Etymology tree Polish po- Proto-Indo-European *per- Proto-Balto-Slavic *per Proto-Slavic *per- Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰsder. Proto-Slavic *-zъ Proto-Slavic *perzъ Old Polish przez Polish przez Polish poprzez From po- + przez.
köken: From Proto-Finnic *kautta, the partitive singular of kausi; the adpositions are derived through an older meaning of “road, way” or “passage (of a journey)”.
in, at, on, upon, from (space) · under, within, in · during, within, while in (time)
zıt: ex
köken: From earlier en, from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”). Cognates include English in, Ancient Greek ἐν (en). The ablative is from the locative, and the accusative is from the directional.
aile: asinus in tegulis, in cassum, in nuce, in unguem, in-, inter, intra, intus, lupus in fabula, lupus in sermone
omne adeo genvs in terris hominvmqve ferarvmqve et genvs æqvorevm pecvdes pictæqve volvcres in fvrias ignemqve rvvnt
according to, in accordance with, conformably to, pursuant to, per · along (in the direction of)
köken: Etymology tree German lautbor. Yiddish לויט (loyt)bor. Esperanto laŭ Borrowed from German laut and Yiddish לויט (loyt). First attested in 1887. Doublet of laŭta.