köken: From Middle High German pieke, from Middle Dutch pike, from Old Dutch *pīk, from Proto-West Germanic *pīk. Already in Dutch the word was influenced by French pic (“tip”). Another influence is German Picke (“pick, pickaxe”), from picken. The precise relation between all of these words is uncertain.
köken: Borrowed from French javeline, from Old French javelline, diminutive of javelot (“spear”), from Vulgar Latin *gabalottus, from Gaulish *gabalos (compare Old Irish gabul (“fork”), Welsh gafl), from Proto-Celtic *gabalos (“fork, forked branch”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰabʰlos (“fork, branch of tree”).
köken: Inherited from Old East Slavic копие (kopije), from Proto-Slavic *kopьje (see details of derivation there), from *kopati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kop-, probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep- (“to strike, beat”).
aile: копе́йка, копе́йщик, копьеголо́вый, копьемета́лка, копьемета́ние, копьемета́тель, копьено́с, копьено́сец, брать на копьё, взять на копьё
köken: From Middle Persian 𐭭𐭩𐭰𐭪𐭩 (nycky) / nyck' (/nēzag/), from Old Persian *𐎴𐎡𐏀𐎣 (naizaka-), borrowed from Old Median *náyzakam, from Proto-Iranian *náyjakam, derived from Proto-Iranian *náyjam, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *náyȷ́žʰam. Compare Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬉𐬰𐬀 (naēza, “tip, especially of a needle”) and borrowings from Iranian: Classical Syriac ܢܝܙܟܐ (nayzkāʾ), Old Armenian նիզակ (nizak), and Arabic نَيْزَك…
spear (long stick with a sharp tip used as a weapon for throwing or thrusting) · javelin (light spear thrown with the hand and used as a weapon) · javelin (metal-tipped spear thrown for distance in an athletic field event)
çekim: çoğul keihäät · tamlayan keihään
köken: From Proto-Finnic *kaihas (compare Ingrian keihäs, Veps keihaz), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *gaizaz (compare Old Norse geirr, German Ger). Doublet of kaira.
spear (a light spear thrown with the hand and used as a weapon). · javelin (a metal-tipped spear thrown for distance in an athletic field event). · handlebar
çekim: çoğul כִּידוֹנִים
köken: Borrowed from Hurrian *kadinni-. The Academy of the Hebrew Language states that the sense handlebar is derived French guidon.
a spear, lance, pike, carried by soldiers and used for thrusting
çekim: çoğul hastae · tamlayan hastae
köken: Disputed. Michiel de Vaan suggests a possible Proto-Italic form Proto-Italic *hastā-. It is also conjectured to be from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰasto- or *ǵʰasdʰo- (“branch ~ spear, sharp spine”) (see below for Indo-European cognates), but the phonetics are problematic. Likely of ultimately non-Indo-European substrate origin. Cognates include Irish gad (“withe”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍃 (gazds, “spine,…
aile: hastārius, hastātus, hastīle, hastula
Petere aliquem hastā.
Victumne putāstī / Thēsea, dīre Creōn? Adsum, nec sanguine fessum / crēde; sitit meritōs etiamnum haec hasta cruōrēs.
köken: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *akstis (*aštis?), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ-. Cognate with Latvian aksts (“prickle, sharp point”), Proto-Slavic *ostь.
spear, lance (a weapon with a sharp point for cutting) · javelin (a sport implement with a sharp tip for distance throwing)
çekim: çoğul šķēpi · tamlayan šķēpa
köken: From Proto-Baltic *skēp-, from Proto-Indo-European *skep-, *kep-, from the zero grade *sk- of *sek- “to cut” with an extra p. Cognates include Lithuanian skãplis “type of ax,” skãptas “chisel, bent knife”, Proto-Slavic *ščep- (Russian щепа́ (ščepá) “woodchips”, Ukrainian ще́па (ščépa), Czech stěp, Polish szczep “sliver”), Old Norse skapt “pole, spear”, German Schaft “shaft”, Ancient Greek…
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