fortification (especially one that fully encircles the defended position)
köken: Arabic plural of استحکام (estehkâm), from Arabic اِسْتِحْكَام (istiḥkām, “intensification, becoming fortified”). Probably a calque of French fortification, likely via Ottoman Turkish استحكامات (istihkamat).
köken: Uncertain; cognate with Kannada ಅರುಣಿ (aruṇi). Compare Kannada ಅರಮನೆ (aramane, “palace”), from ಅರ (ara, “king”), and Tamil அரண்மனை (araṇmaṉai). Alternatively, the Madras University Lexicon speculates a derivation from Sanskrit शरण (śaraṇa).
köken: Etymology tree Esperanto fortika Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos Proto-Italic *-ātos Vulgar Latin -ātus Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Vulgar Latin -icus Vulgar Latin -āticus Vulgar Latin -āticumder. Esperanto -aĵo Esperanto fortikaĵo From fortika + -aĵo.