köken: From Middle High German tamm. Probably via Old High German *tamm from Proto-Germanic *dammaz, though it is sometimes considered a later back-formation from the verb dämmen. The modern consonantism is Central and Low German (compare Middle Low German dam).
to spoil, ruin, blight, destroy (to cause the ruin of) · to damage, mar (to make something less intact or even destroy it; to harm or cause destruction) · to foil, scupper, thwart (to prevent something from being accomplished)
çekim: geçmiş pilannut · şimdiki pilaa · ulaç pilaava
köken: From Proto-Finnic *pilat'ak (compare Karelian pilata, Votic pilatõ), possibly borrowed from Proto-Norse [Term?] (compare Old Norse bila (“to fail”)).
dam (a structure placed across a flowing body of water to stop the flow or part of the flow) · impediment, obstacle · hurdle (an artificial barrier, variously constructed, over which athletes or horses jump in a race)
çekim: çoğul gátak
köken: Borrowed from a South Slavic language, e.g. Serbo-Croatian gat, or from Slovak hať. Ultimately, from Proto-Slavic *gatь (“dike”).