köken: 18th century, from Low German Stau, from Middle Low German stouw, stouwe (“weir”), probably a back-formation from stouwen (“to stop, dam”), from Old Saxon *stōwa, from Proto-West Germanic *stōu, ultimately derived from Proto-Germanic *stōō (“place”). Cognate with Dutch stuw. Alternatively the Dutch and Low German forms could be inherited from the Germanic noun (like English stow), but the sense…
köken: Inherited from Middle French bouchon (“bundle of hemp or foliage, oakum”), from bousche (“handful of straw, bundle of twigs”), from Vulgar Latin bosca (“brush, bundle of branches”), from Frankish *bosc (“bush”), from Proto-Germanic *buskaz (“bush”). More at bush.
aile: bouchon d'oreille, bouchonner, pousser le bouchon, tire-bouchon
köken: Analyzable as tıxa- + -c. Cognate with Turkish tıkaç. Compare Turkmen dyky. The senses 'congestion' and 'traffic jam' are a semantic loan from Russian про́бка (próbka).
köken: Borrowed from French file (“line, row”), from Late Latin filare, from Latin filum (“thread”). Related to fileren (“to fillet”) and file (“computer file”).