köken: Inherited from Old French chaitif, caitif, from Vulgar Latin *cactivus, from a combination of Latin captīvus (“prisoner”) with Transalpine Gaulish *caxtos, from Proto-Celtic *kaxtos (compare Irish cacht, Welsh caeth). Compare also Italian cattivo (“bad”). See also French captif, a borrowed doublet.
Il lui semblait chétif, faible, nul, enfin être un pauvre homme, de toutes les façons.
köken: From Middle Dutch siec, from Old Dutch siec, from Proto-West Germanic *seuk, from Proto-Germanic *seukaz. Cognate with English sick, German siech, Swedish sjuk. Doublet of sick.
köken: Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese doente, from Latin dolentem (“hurting, suffering”). Compare Spanish doliente, Italian dolente. Doublet of dolente, a borrowing.
köken: Inherited from Old Catalan malate, malaute, from Latin male habitus (“ill-kept, run down”). The sound changes approximately ran as follows: *[maˈlaβtu] > [maˈlau̯te] > [maˈlaɫt]. The last stage involves a reidentification of coda [u̯] as the phoneme /l/, heavily velarized in coda positions. Cf. Catalan colze < colde < *coude < *[ˈkoβ(e)do] < Latin cubitum.
köken: Etymology tree Latin maleder. Old French mal- Middle French mal- French mal-bor. Esperanto mal- Esperanto sana Esperanto malsana From mal- (“opposite of”) + sana (“healthy”).