köken: From Middle High German ast, from Old High German ast, from Proto-West Germanic *ast, from Proto-Germanic *astaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ósdos (“branch”).
aile: ästig, auf dem absteigenden Ast sein, den Ast absägen, auf dem man sitzt, entästen, Geäst
köken: Borrowed from Latin asperum, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”). The forms of the Spanish word and its Portuguese equivalent seem to indicate that they may be semi-learned or borrowed terms (the expected normal result aspro was found on rare occasions in Old Spanish documents). However, comparing it to similar cases of phonetic development in Spanish and Ibero-Romance (cf. árboles,…
köken: Inherited from Old East Slavic сѫкъ (sǫkŭ), from Proto-Slavic *sǫkъ.
aile: сукова́тый, сучкова́тый, сучо́к, руби́ть сук, на кото́ром сиди́шь, пили́ть сук, на кото́ром сиди́шь, без сучка́ и задо́ринки, без сучка́, без задо́ринки
köken: From Old Irish alt (“joint, articulation”), from Proto-Celtic *ɸaltu- (“joint”), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to fold”). Cognate with Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽 (falþan, “to fold”) and Ancient Greek πέπλος (péplos, “woven cloth”). The sense “article” is a semantic loan from Latin articulus, itself a semantic loan from Ancient Greek ἄρθρον (árthron).
aile: alt an chromáin, alt bacánach, déadalt, altach