çekim: karşılaştırma dunkler · üstünlük am dunkelsten
eş: finster, dunkelfarben, dunkelfarbig, tief
zıt: hell, hoch
köken: From Middle High German tunkel, from Old High German tunkal, tuncal (“dark”), from Proto-Germanic *dunkalaz (“dark”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰengʷ- (“to smoke, fume”). The modern consonantism is Central and Low German (compare Middle Low German dunker, also dunkel). Cognate to Dutch donker (“dark”).
dark, gloomy, dim (without enough light; dark or poorly lit) · gloomy, sad, sullen, morose (sad, joyless, stern, or showing a dark mood) · grim, bleak, dark (unpleasant, hopeless, or suggesting danger and misfortune)
çekim: karşılaştırma по́-мра́чни · üstünlük на́й-мра́чни
zıt: све́тъл, ве́дър, я́сен
köken: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *morčьnъ. By surface analysis, мрак (mrak) + -ен (-en).
dark (where, when there is insufficient, little or no light; not well lit) · dark (such that little light passes through it) · dark (such that it produces insufficient, little or no light)
çekim: karşılaştırma tumšāks · üstünlük vistumšākais
zıt: gaišs
köken: From the same stem as tumsa (“darkness”) (q.v.), made into an adjective. Originally a yo-stem parallel that replaced the older u-stem form *tumsus, *timsus (cf. dialectal variants timss, timšs, tumss) when u-stems were lost.
dark (having an absolute or relative lack of light) · dark (dull or deeper in hue; not bright or light) · dark (conducive to hopelessness; depressing or bleak)
zıt: clar
köken: Inherited from Latin fuscus. Compare Occitan fosc, Dalmatian fosc, Spanish hosco, Portuguese fosco, fusco or Italian fosco, Old French fusque.
köken: A dialectal word, that has entered the literary language. Developed regularly from Old Armenian *մոյգ (*moyg) which is included in HHB as an Old Armenian word but whose place of attestation is unknown. Usually said to be inherited from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mowgʰo-, from the root *(s)mewg- (“to smoke”), with such cognates as Lithuanian smáugti, Proto-Slavic *smǫglъ, Proto-Germanic *smeukaną,…
dark (having little or no light). · illegal; illicit; black; underground (contrary to the law; done secretly). · obscure; unclear; gloomy (hard to understand or predicting bad fortune).
çekim: karşılaştırma lebih gelap · üstünlük paling gelap
zıt: terang, cerah
köken: Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gəlap (“lightning, storm, darkness”).
aile: gelap gelita, gelap mata, kaca mata gelap, masa gelap, pasar gelap, kegelapan, menggelapkan, penggelapan
Bilik itu sangat gelap kerana tiada tingkap.
Mereka terlibat dalam perniagaan pasaran gelap.
Masa depannya nampak gelap.
Etimoloji
From Byzantine Greek σκοῦρος (skoûros), itself from Venetan or Italian scuro, from earlier oscuro, from Latin obscūrus.