köken: Inherited from Middle French espaule, from Old French espalle, from Vulgar Latin *spatla, from Late Latin spathula (“flat, broad piece”), diminutive of Latin spatha (“straight sword”) (whence French épée (“sword”)). Doublet of spatule, which was a borrowing.
aile: avoir la tête sur les épaules, changer son fusil d'épaule, épauler, épaulette, hausser les épaules
köken: Inherited from Old Spanish ombro, from Latin humerus, umerus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃émsos (“shoulder”). Doublet of húmero.
aile: al hombro, arrimar el hombro, escurrir el hombro, hombrera, hombrillo, hurtar el hombro, manga por hombro, meter el hombro, mirar por encima del hombro, paño de hombros
köken: From Proto-Oghuz *čigin. Cognate with Turkish çiğin, dialectal Turkish çekin, Turkmen çigin; possibly also cognate with Chuvash ҫан (śan, “body”).
role; part (in a play, film, etc.); character (in a story, video game, etc.) (Classifier: 個／个) · character (Classifier: 隻／只) · function; role; part (Classifier: 個／个)
shoulder (part of the body between the base of the neck and forearm socket) · side extension of a fort or fortification · upper back (area including the shoulder blades from one shoulder to the other)
çekim: çoğul barki · tamlayan barku
köken: Inherited from Old Polish bark.
aile: barczysty, bary, obarczyć, obarczać, dźwigać na barkach, spaść na barki, spadać na barki, spocząć na barkach, spoczywać na barkach, wziąć na barki
köken: Inherited without cluster simplification from Prakrit कंध (kaṃdha), खंध (khaṃdha), from Sanskrit स्कन्ध (skandha, “shoulder”). Compare archaic काँध (kāndh), काँधा (kāndhā). Cognate to Assamese কান্ধ (kandh), Marathi खांदा (khāndā), and Nepali काँध (kā̃dh).
position, state, situation (status with regard to conditions and circumstances) · status (person’s position or standing relative to that of others) · station (stopping place for transportation, especially ground transportation or air transportation)
çekim: çoğul asemat · tamlayan aseman
köken: From Proto-Finnic *asën ~ *asëma, equivalent to asea (“to place”) (obsolete) + -ma
köken: Inherited from Old Czech rámě, from Proto-Slavic *ormę.
Etimoloji
Compare Proto-Katuic *ʔapaal (“shoulder”) (whence Pacoh apal). Attested in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經; c. 12th cent.) as 多埋 (MC ta meaj) (modern SV: đa mai). Attested as Northern Middle Vietnamese ꞗĕai, ꞗai in Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).