rock (the aggregate of solid mineral matter (stone) that constitutes a significant part of the earth's crust) · rock, outcrop (a hill having no or just a little vegetation and consisting of solid rock; coming out of bedrock to the surface of the ground) · rock (something that is strong, stable, and dependable)
çekim: çoğul kalliot · tamlayan kallion
köken: From Proto-Finnic *kallijo (compare Estonian kalju, Ingrian kallio, Karelian kallivo, Veps kal, Votic kalʹlʹo), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hallijǭ.
crag, rock, cliff · severe, strong, hard as rock person
çekim: çoğul канари́
köken: Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish كناره (känarä, “edge, margin”), from Classical Persian کناره (kanāra, “edge, side”). Compare кена́р (kenár) from Ottoman Turkish كنار (känar, “edge, margin”) from Classical Persian کنار (kanār, “edge, side”).
rock, cliff (massif with steep edges; rocky cliff) · rock (typical of, living in, a rocky area)
çekim: çoğul klintis · tamlayan klinšu
eş: akmens, ieži
köken: Borrowed from Middle Low German klint (“rocky coast, slope, cliff”). The word entered Latvian in the 18th century from Baltic German dialects; prior to that, akmens “stone,” often in combination with other terms, was used instead.
köken: The superficial similarity between this word and the words aizto (“knife”), aitzur (“hoe”), aiztur (“scissors”) and aizkora (“ax”) was taken by some as an indication that the language dated to the Neolithic, when those tools would have been made of stone, but Trask dismisses this idea on the grounds that Roncalese has a nasal in ai(n)zto and ai(n)tzur but not in haitz. Aizkora actually comes from…
köken: From Middle Irish crec, a contracted form of carrac, from Proto-Celtic *karsekki, from Proto-Indo-European *kars- (“to scrape roughly”), similar to English harsh. Alternatively, the Middle Irish is from Proto-Celtic *karrikā, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂er- (“hard”) (compare Manx carrick, Welsh carreg).
to flash, tone, to strike (till sparks fly off), an idea comes to one’s mind · to pull trigger, shoot (of a weapon)
çekim: geçmiş kisha shkrepur · şimdiki të shkrepë
köken: From Proto-Albanian *krep-, from Proto-Indo-European *ker-p-, *krep- (“to crack, crash”), an onomatopoeic root. Cognate to Latin crepo (“to resound, ring, tone”). A formation with the prefix sh-.