any alloy based on copper; bronze · object made of this alloy
çekim: çoğul airains
köken: Inherited from Old French arain, from Vulgar Latin *arāmen, variant of Late Latin aerāmen, derived from Latin aer-. Cognate with Catalan aram, Italian rame, Occitan aram, Portuguese arame, Romanian aramă, Sardinian arràmene, Sicilian ramu, Spanish alambre (“wire”).
köken: Borrowed from French bronze, itself from Italian bronzo. See there for further information, but perhaps ultimately a twice-borrowed term from Persian برنج (berenj, “brass”) or Persian پرنگ (pereng, “copper”). Nowadays more common than older مفرغ (mefraġ), from Arabic.
köken: A Mongolic borrowing: compare Mongolian хүрэн (xüren, “brown”) and see Persian کرند (korand) for more. Cognate with Kyrgyz күрөң (küröŋ), Kazakh күрең (küreñ) Uyghur كۈرەڭ (küreng, “brown, gray brown”).
bronze (a naturally occurring or man-made alloy of copper) · skin tan
çekim: çoğul bronzes
köken: Borrowed from French bronze, from Italian bronzo, either from Byzantine Greek βροντησίον (brontēsíon), presumably from Βρεντήσιον (Brentḗsion, “Brindisi”), known for the manufacture of bronze; or ultimately from Persian برنج (berenj, beranj, “brass”) ~ پرنگ (pereng, “copper”).
köken: Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀓𑀁𑀲 (kaṃsa), from Sanskrit कांस्य (kāṃsya, “made of bell-metal”). Sanskrit कंस (kaṃsa, “bell-metal”) would yield the same Prakrit term, but other New Indo-Aryan languages point to the long vowel.
köken: From Proto-Italic *aos, early *ajos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éyos. However, cf. Ringe (2017: 311, fn.32) who notes that “an alternative possibility is that [Proto-Germanic *aiz] actually reflects a preform *áys or *h₂áys, as Lat aes must (Michael Weiss, p.c.).” Cognate with English ore.