Almanca 🔊 Strafe (dişil) /ˈʃtʁaːfə/ first-person singular and imperative of strafen
çekim: çoğul Strafen · tamlayan Strafen
eş: Buße, Maßregelung, Sanktion, Sühne, Vergeltung, Bußgeld
köken: From Middle High German strāfe, from Proto-West Germanic *strēpōn, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly related to *streupan (“to squeeze, press, graze”). Compare Dutch straf, German Low German Straaf, Luxembourgish Strof.
aile: straflos, sträflich
🔊 eine angemessene Strafe
🔊 Strafe muss sein.
Fransızca 🔊 peine (dişil) /pɛn/ punishment · psychological pain, sorrow · effort, trouble
çekim: çoğul peines
köken: Inherited from Old French peine, from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”).
aile: à chaque jour suffit sa peine, à grand-peine, à peine, âme en peine, faire de la peine, faire peine à voir, ne pas être au bout de ses peines, peine capitale, peine de cœur, peine de mort
İspanyolca 🔊 castigo (eril) /kasˈtiɡo/ punishment
çekim: çoğul castigos
eş: condena, sanción, sentencia
köken: Deverbal from castigar, from Latin castigāre.
aile: saque de castigo
İtalyanca 🔊 penalità (dişil) /pe.na.liˈta/ penalty
köken: From penale + -ità.
fine, penalty, citation · shtrafbat
çekim: çoğul штра́фы · tamlayan штра́фа
eş: пеня
köken: Borrowed from German Strafe (“punishment, penalty, fine”).
Felemenkçe 🔊 straf (dişil) /strɑf/ a punishment, penalty, sanction · a discomfort, misfortune
çekim: çoğul straffen
köken: Early modern Dutch straffe, derived from straffen. Compare German Strafe.
aile: celstraf, doodstraf, geldstraf, gevangenisstraf, lijfstraf, ongestraft, strafbaar, strafbal, strafbepaling, strafblad
penalty (punishment for violating rules)
çekim: çoğul penalidades
köken: From penal + -idade. Doublet of pênalti.
monetary value · value in terms of time, effort, emotion, etc.
çekim: çoğul αντίτιμα · tamlayan αντίτιμου
punishment; penalty
köken: Sino-Korean word from 懲罰.
punishment, penalty · sentence
çekim: çoğul straffs · tamlayan straffs
köken: From Middle Low German straffen, from Proto-West Germanic *strēpōn, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly related to *streupan (“to squeeze, press, graze”). Compare with German Strafe. Etymologies 2, 3, and 4 below are all clippings of compounds from Etymology 1.
aile: arreststraff, bötesstraff, disciplinstraff, dödsstraff, frihetsstraff, fängelsestraff, förvandlingsstraff, förvisningsstraff, helvetesstraff, isoleringsstraff
🔊 Brott och straff
Lehçe 🔊 kara (dişil) /ˈka.ra/ punishment; penalty, fine (negative result of something bad that was done)
çekim: çoğul kary · tamlayan kary
eş: gw. (Górny Śląsk) targocz, tragocz
köken: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kara. First attested in 1564.
aile: kara główna, kara śmierci, ławka kar
fine (punitive payment)
çekim: çoğul штра́фи · tamlayan штра́фу
köken: Borrowed from German Strafe (“punishment, penalty, fine”).
aile: штрафува́ти
Hintçe 🔊 दण्ड , सज़ा (dişil) /sə.zɑː/ punishment, penalty · chastisement · retribution, revenge
çekim: çoğul सज़ाएँ
köken: Borrowed from Classical Persian سزا (sazā), from Middle Persian.
punishment · penalty · comeuppance (justly retribution or outcome)
çekim: çoğul rangaistukset · tamlayan rangaistuksen
köken: rangaista (“to punish”) + -tus
aile: arestirangaistus, häpeärangaistus, joukkuerangaistus, jäähyrangaistus, jäännösrangaistus, karkotusrangaistus, kuolemanrangaistus, kurinpitorangaistus, kuritushuonerangaistus, käyttäytymisrangaistus
🔊 rangaistuslaitos
punishment · suffering · education
çekim: çoğul pedepse · tamlayan pedepse
köken: Back-formation from pedepsi (“to punish”). First attested in 1581.
fine (fee levied as punishment for breaking the law)
çekim: çoğul bírságok
köken: bír + -ság
aile: bírságol, pénzbírság
to punish; to chastise
köken: Sino-Vietnamese word from 懲罰.
Katalanca 🔊 càstig (eril) /ˈkas.tik/ punishment, penalty
çekim: çoğul càstigs
köken: Deverbal from castigar.
first-person singular present indicative of castigar
Galce 🔊 cosb (dişil) /koːsb/ punishment, chastisement, penalty · discipline, restraint · revenge
çekim: çoğul cosbau
köken: From Proto-Celtic *komskʷom. Cognate with Irish cosc (“restraint, prohibition”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to say”).
aile: cic gosb, gôl gosb, cosb farwolaeth, cosbi, cosbol
İrlandaca 🔊 pionós (eril) /ˈpʲɨnˠuːs/ forfeit, penalty · penalty · punishment
çekim: çoğul pionóis · tamlayan pionóis
köken: Certainly ultimately from Latin poena and pūniō, but the intermediate stages are uncertain. Compare the Classical Gaelic and early modern forms péinis and peannas/peanós.
aile: cuir pionós ar, pionósaigh
punishment
çekim: çoğul hegningar · tamlayan hegningar
köken: From hegna + -ing.
aile: hegningarhús, hegningarlög
fine, penalty
çekim: çoğul տուգանքներ
köken: From Old Armenian տուգանք (tugankʻ).
punishment
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Austronesian *pa- Tagalog pa- Sanskrit दोष (doṣa)bor. Malay dosabor. Tagalog dusa Tagalog parusa From pa- + dusa (“suffering”). Compare Central Bikol padusa.
aile: magparusa, pagpaparusa, parusahan
a fine (a payment for breaking the law)
çekim: geçmiş positive subject concord + -lifaini · şimdiki anafaini
köken: Borrowed from English fine.