köken: From Middle High German strāfe, from Proto-West Germanic *strēpōn, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly related to *streupan (“to squeeze, press, graze”). Compare Dutch straf, German Low German Straaf, Luxembourgish Strof.
köken: Inherited from Old French peine, from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”).
aile: à chaque jour suffit sa peine, à grand-peine, à peine, âme en peine, faire de la peine, faire peine à voir, ne pas être au bout de ses peines, peine capitale, peine de cœur, peine de mort
köken: From Middle Low German straffen, from Proto-West Germanic *strēpōn, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly related to *streupan (“to squeeze, press, graze”). Compare with German Strafe. Etymologies 2, 3, and 4 below are all clippings of compounds from Etymology 1.
köken: Certainly ultimately from Latin poena and pūniō, but the intermediate stages are uncertain. Compare the Classical Gaelic and early modern forms péinis and peannas/peanós.
çekim: geçmiş positive subject concord + -lifaini · şimdiki anafaini
köken: Borrowed from English fine.
Etimoloji
Compound of し (shi, “doing”, stem of verb する suru “to do”) + 置き (oki, “putting, placing”, stem of verb 置く oku “to put, to place”). The 仕 character is an example of ateji (当(あ)て字(じ)). Also the 連用形 (ren’yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical verb 仕置く (shioku, “to deal with, oversee, punish”). First cited to a text from 1569.