köken: Uncertain. Federico Corriente considers the Andalusian Arabic حَطْرَجْ (ḥaṭraj, “foolish”) that appears in Vocabulista in Arabico and that comes from the known root ه ت ر (h t r) (the same as مُهْتَر (muhtar, “disordered in his intellect”) in Lane’s lexicon).
köken: From earlier flard, flerd. Of obscure origin, but apparently related to West Frisian flarde, Saterland Frisian Fludde, German Low German Flarr (“patch”). Possibly ultimately from Proto-Germanic *flazdō.
köken: Uncertain. Potential cognates include Ancient Greek πῆνος (pênos, “web”) (from Proto-Hellenic *pān-) and maybe also πήνη (pḗnē, “woof thread”), and Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌽𐌰 (fana, “piece of cloth”), Old English fana (“flag”), English fane (from Proto-Germanic *fanô). Because of the variation in vowel and consonant length between these terms, De Vaan 2008 denies the possibility of reconstructing any common…
From Middle High German lumpe. Lump (“cad”) is originally the same word. Compare German Lappen (“cloth, rag”) as well as the now obsolete verbs lampen (“to hang limply”), lumpen (“to hang limply, to limp”) and English limp, all probably from Proto-Germanic *limpaną (“to glide, go, suit”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)lemb-, *(s)lembʰ- (“to hang loosely, hang limply”). Compare Sanskrit…