Expresses an obligation or confident conjecture, equivalent to English must, have to, should, ought, etc.
köken: Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾp̄ʾyt' /abāyēd/, “it is necessary, fitting; must”), Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫀𐫁𐫀𐫏𐫅 (ʾbʾyd). Originally the third-person singular present of the verb بایستن (bāyistan /bâyestan, “to be necessary”), hence etymologically "it is necessary". The original verb is now obsolete except in a few conjugations, of which باید (bāyad /bâyad, “should;…
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *dewh₂-der.? Proto-Italic *dwenos Old Latin duenos Old Latin duonus Latin bonum Old Galician-Portuguese bõo Portuguese bom Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese bõo, inherited from Latin bonus (“good”), from Old Latin duonos, earlier duenos, from Proto-Italic *dwenos. Doublet of bónus /bônus, a later borrowing. Compare Fala and Galician bo, Spanish bueno.
aile: boa gente, gente boa, boa noite, boa tarde, boas, bom dia, de boa, numa boa
köken: Univerbation of the Katharevousa phrase ἐν τάξει (en táxei), modelled after Ancient Greek ἐν (en, “in”) τάξει (táxei, “order”), the latter a dative form of τάξις (táxis). Calque of German in Ordnung.
must (+ infinitive) · should, ought to (+ infinitive) · have to (+ infinitive)
köken: Inherited from Middle Ukrainian повиненъ, повыненъ (povynen, povynen), from Old East Slavic повиньнъ (povinĭnŭ), the sense "obligated, ought" may have been reinforced by Old Polish powinien, as it was uncommon in Old East Slavic. By surface analysis, по (po) + вина́ (vyná) + -ен (-en). Cognate with Belarusian паві́нен (pavínjen), Polish powinien.
Forms the second-person singular subjunctive/imperative of verbs (indefinite conjugation). It is also part of all subjunctive/imperative suffixes in both indefinite and definite conjugations.
to be necessary, needful; to be proper, becoming, right or reasonable; to behoove; (absolutely) one should or ought to
çekim: şimdiki oporteat · ulaç oportēns
köken: For *opvortet, from Proto-Indo-European *wortéyeti, causative stem (2nd conjugation) of the root of vertō (“to turn”) (3rd conjugation). Some refer the op- to ob-, some to opus, with which compare the similar expressions opus est and operam dare. See also ligō, vinciō for other examples of words meaning to bind or turn, having derivatives with the sense of obliging.
çekim: geçmiş burdet · ortaç burdet · ulaç burdende
köken: From Old Norse byrja (“to begin”), from Proto-Germanic *burjaną (“to lift”). Doublet of børje. The Old Norse verb is also construed with an infinitive subject in the sense "it is proper". In Modern Danish and Swedish, the verb has a personal subject and an infinitive as the object. The original Danish infinitive børe (cf. also Swedish böra) has been replaced by the past tense form burde…
çekim: karşılaştırma lebih baik · üstünlük paling baik
köken: Inherited from Malay baik, from Proto-Malayic *baik, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bait. Cognates Cognate with Iban baik, Tagalog bait, Māori pai.