to stroke gently, to touch lightly · to brush over, to brush past · to skim over (a subject)
çekim: geçmiş effleuré · ortaç effleuré · şimdiki effleure · ulaç effleurant
köken: From Middle French effleurer, from Old French esflourer, equivalent to ex- (“ex-”) + fleurer (“sprinkle”). In some senses, from Middle French fleur (“surface, top layer”), ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *flōr (“ground, floor”), from Proto-Germanic *flōraz.
to scratch, scrape; gnaw, bite · to cut a path, pave · to lead a river into a channel
köken: From Proto-Indo-Aryan *rádati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *rádati, from Proto-Indo-European *Hréh₃d-e-ti, from *Hreh₃d-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬁𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (rāδaⁱti, “to pave”), Latin rādō (“to scrape”), Old English ræt (whence English rat), and English razor. The short vowel in Sanskrit is a problem. Lubotsky (1981, 1989) has proposed that the loss of the laryngeal in Proto-Indo-Iranian could be…