çekim: geçmiş hoffte · ortaç gehofft · şimdiki hofft · ulaç hoffend
eş: glauben, sich ausmalen, sich ausrechnen, sich der Hoffnung hingeben, der Hoffnung sein, die Hoffnung haben
köken: From Middle High German hoffen (12th c.), from northern Old High German *hoffōn, from Proto-West Germanic *hopōn. It is uncertain whether the (unattested but probable) Old High German form was inherited or rather borrowed from Old Dutch hopon with implementation of the High German consonantism (which was then still entirely predictable). In fact, some scholars consider that all continental forms…
to aspire (to have a strong desire or ambition to achieve something) · to aspirate (to produce an audible puff of breath after a consonant) · to aspirate (to inhale so as to draw something other than air into one's lungs)
çekim: geçmiş aspirowano · şimdiki aspiruje
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Proto-Indo-European *(s)peys-der.? Latin spīrō Latin aspīrōbor. Proto-Indo-European *h₂euh₁-der.? Proto-Slavic *-ovati Old Polish -ować Polish -ować Polish aspirować From Latin aspīrō + Polish -ować.