-im
/ɪm/
ARNAVUTÇA → TR
Arnavutça "-im" kelimesi Türkçe'de -izm anlamına gelir.
Çeviri
Genel-izm
Tanım
•-ism, -ation, -ment; Suffixed to nouns or verbs to form masculine abstract nouns of practice (action or incidence), result, teaching (doctrine or philosophy), or status (state or condition) related to the thing or action
Diğer Dillerde
-ation
köken: From French -ation, from Middle French -ation, from Old French -ation, from Latin -ātiō.
Forming nouns with the sense of "action or result of Xing" or, more rarely, "action related to X". · Forming nouns with the sense of "state of being (a) X". · Forming collective nouns.
eş: -ment
köken: Inherited from Middle French -age, from Old French -age, from Latin -āticum, greatly extended from words like rivage and voyage.
-ism (all senses)
eş: -esimo, -asmo, -istica
köken: From Latin -ismus.
attendere (“to wait”) + -ismo → attendismo (“wait-and-see doctrine”)
Trump + -ismo → trumpismo (“Trumpism”)
alcol (“alcohol”) + -ismo → alcolismo (“alcoholism”)
Rusça-а́ция, -ение, -и́зм, -тельство /ˈʲenʲɪje/
-tion, -ence, -ance, -ity, etc. (suffix used to form abstract nouns from verbs, and occasionally from other parts of speech)
köken: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-nьje.
отчи́слить (otčíslitʹ, “to deduct, to dismiss”) + -е́ние (-énije) → отчисле́ние (otčislénije, “deduction, dismissal”)
порази́ть (porazítʹ, “to defeat”) (past passive participle поражённый (poražónnyj)) + -е́ние (-énije) → пораже́ние (poražénije, “defeat”)
расти́ (rastí, “to grow, to sprout”) (third person singular растёт (rastjót)) + -е́ние (-énije) → расте́ние (rasténije, “plant”)
Arapçaـِيَّة
Third-person singular possessive suffix. · Marks third-person singular in the simple past of intransitive verbs.
köken: From Middle Persian 𐭱𐭭 (-išn).
سوختش
Azerice-asiya, -izm
an action or process · the result of an action or process · a state or quality
köken: From the Latin suffix -ātiō. This suffix was formed from verbs of the first conjugation (-āre), and is therefore a variety of the more general -tiō (from which Dutch -tie).
alimenteren + -atie → alimentatie (“alimentation”)
accumuleren + -atie → accumulatie (“accumulation”)
hallucineren + -atie → hallucinatie (“hallucination”)
-tion
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiōnemlbor. Portuguese -ção Learned borrowing from Latin -tiōnem. The suffix is in many cases a semi-learned form partially borrowed from Latin to make new words, but also corresponds with the old inherited form that it was based on (as evidenced by words such as canção), which…
comercializar (“to commercialize”) + -ção → comercialização (“commercialization”)
beber (“to drink”) + -ção → bebeção (“drinking”)
absolver (“to acquit”) + -ção → absolvição (“acquittal”)
added to a verb form to create gerund nouns
τρέχω (trécho, “to run”) + -ιμο (-imo) → τρέξιμο (tréximo, “running”)
φταίω (ftaío, “to be at fault”) + -ιμο (-imo) → φταίξιμο (ftaíximo, “blame”)
σφάζω (sfázo, “to slaughter”) + -ιμο (-imo) → σφάξιμο (sfáximo, “slaughter”)
Japonca-イズム, -主義, -化
to, -ing, that...; derives verbal and adjectival substantives. · -ing, -ment, -tion; derives nouns from verbs and adjectives.
köken: From Middle Korean -기〮 (-kí) ~ -이〮 (-í). The suffix was rare in fifteenth-century Middle Korean (Lee and Ramsey 2011, p. 177), but came to increasingly displace -옴 (-wom).
아기들은 울기만 한다.
죽기는 쉽고 살기는 어렵다.
이 아이는 그림 그리기를 잘한다.
-ism
köken: Borrowed from French -isme.
kommunism
kannibalism
surrealism
forms verbal nouns (gerunds) from verbs in conjugations: I, IX, Xb
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Balto-Slavic *-nisder. Proto-Slavic *-nь Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Balto-Slavic *-is Proto-Slavic *-ь Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jas Proto-Slavic *-jь Proto-Slavic *-ьje Proto-Slavic *-nьje Old Polish -anie Polish -anie Inherited from Old Polish -anie, from Proto-Slavic *-nьje.
czytać + -anie → czytanie
mazać + -anie → mazanie
lać + -anie → lanie
Suffix used to form verbal nouns from verbs; added especially to verbs ending in -ати (-aty) (alternatively -яти (-jaty)): -ing, -tion, -ence, -ance, -ment, etc.
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ā́ˀtei Proto-Slavic *-ati Ukrainian -а^((ти)) (-a⁽ᵗʸ⁾) Proto-Slavic *-n- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Balto-Slavic *-is Proto-Slavic *-ь Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jas Proto-Slavic *-jь Proto-Slavic *-ьje Ukrainian -ння (-nnja)…
гарантува́ти impf or pf (harantuváty, “to guarantee”) + -а́ння (-ánnja) → гарантува́ння (harantuvánnja, “guaranteeing”)
покара́ти pf (pokaráty, “to punish”) + -а́ння (-ánnja) → покара́ння (pokaránnja, “punishment”)
підтри́мати pf (pidtrýmaty, “to support”) + -ання (-annja) → підтри́мання (pidtrýmannja, “support(ing)”)
Hintçe-करण, -वाद /ʋɑːd̪/
support of, following, -ism; an ideology
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂wedH-? Sanskrit वद् (vad) Sanskrit वाद (vāda)der. Hindi -वाद From Sanskrit वाद (vāda, “saying, speech; assertion; dispute”).
suffix appended to verbs to form verbal nouns or nouns expressing the action performed; akin to -ation
okupovat + -ace → okupace
konzervovat + -ace → konzervace
hibernovat + -ace → hibernace
-ism (indicates a belief or principle)
köken: Borrowed from Latin -ismus, French -isme, ultimately from Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós).
creștin (“Christian”) + -ism → creștinism (“Christianity”)
anarhie (“anarchy”) + -ism → anarhism (“anarchism”)
-ation (added to foreign words to create a noun)
globalizáció (“globalization”)
İbranice־יזם /ˈ-izm/
-ism: A suffix forming abstract nouns describing a condition or doctrine.
köken: Internationalism; ultimately from Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós).
נָאצִי (nátsi, “Nazi”) → נָאצִיזְם (natsízm, “Nazism”)
סְקֶפְּטִי (sképti, “skeptical”) → סְקֶפְּטִיצִיזְם (skeptitsízm, “skepticism”)
אוֹפְּטִימִי (optími, “optimistic”) → אוֹפְּטִימִיזְם (optimízm, “optimism”)
alternative form of -ismus; -ism (used to form nouns of action or process or result)
aile: baptisma, encathisma, hypocorisma
-ism
köken: Via French -isme, Derived from Latin -ismus, ultimately from Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós).
Norveççe-asjon, -ering, -isme, -ment, -sjon
Vietnamca... hoá, chủ nghĩa-
Bulgarca-а́ция, -и́зъм, -не, -ние /nɛ/
verbal noun suffix: appended to stems of verbs to form the verbal noun, akin to the gerund in English
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Balto-Slavic *-nisder. Proto-Slavic *-nь Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Balto-Slavic *-is Proto-Slavic *-ь Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jas Proto-Slavic *-jь Proto-Slavic *-ьje Proto-Slavic *-nьje Bulgarian -не Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-nьje.
хо́дя (hódja) + -не (-ne) → хо́дене (hódene)
ям (jam) + -не (-ne) → я́дене (jádene)
адмири́рам (admiríram) + -не (-ne) → адмири́ране (admirírane)
Etimoloji
either a derivation of -më from Proto-Albanian *-mā, from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ or from Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós, abstract noun suffix).