köken: From Middle High German veste, from Old High German festī. Equivalent to fest (“fast, secure”) + -e (“-th, -ness”), compare similar English fastness.
Das organisierte Verbrechen bedroht den Rechtsstaat bis in die Festen.
eş: земля, суша, купол неба, небо, твердыня, твёрдость
köken: Inherited from Old East Slavic твьрдь (tvĭrdĭ), from Proto-Slavic *tvьrdь. Cognate with Old Church Slavonic тврьдь (tvrĭdĭ, “citadel, base, firmament”) and archaic Bulgarian твърд (tvǎrd, “earth, sky, citadel, firmament”). Compare also твёрдый (tvjórdyj, “hard, firm”).
the sky/skies; the heaven(s) (figurative, simile), space, the sphere(s), the cosmos(es), the lift(s). · the produce of the sky (such as clouds, nimbuses, or rain) · outer space (when observed from earth), the upper regions, the multiverses, the universe, the cosmos(es), the heavens (figurative, simile)
çekim: çoğul سَمَاوَات · tamlayan سَمَاءٍ
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Semitic *šamāy- Arabic سماء Inherited from Proto-Semitic *šamāy-.
firmament (vault or sphere of the heavens, seen as solid in older cosmologies; sky)
çekim: çoğul firmamenten
eş: hemel, uitspansel, zwerk, hemelboog, hemeldak
köken: From Middle Dutch firmament, from Latin firmāmentum, coined by Jerome in the Vulgate to render Ancient Greek στερέωμα (steréōma, “firm or solid structure”), which in turn translates Hebrew רקיע (“vault of heaven”).
area (measure of the extent of a surface) · area, field, domain (one's field of expertise or activity) · field, discipline (specific branch of knowledge, learning, or practice; e.g. in work or sciences)
çekim: çoğul alat · tamlayan alan
köken: From Proto-Finnic *ala; see ala- for more. Already in Finnic, this stem, originally meaning “lower, under” was repurposed as a noun meaning “underside, lower side”, whence “area”, whence the other senses like “domain”, “field”, “sector”.
Firmament, sky, heavens: the concave surface on which the heavenly bodies appear to move. · Firmament: a surface separating the various levels of heaven.