Used to form adjectives from nouns, describing having the property of, or similar properties to, the noun. · Used to form adjectives from verbs, describing frequently or currently performing the action.
köken: From Middle High German -haft, from Old High German haft, from Proto-West Germanic *haft, from Proto-Germanic *haftaz (“captured, afflicted”), from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ptós, from the root *kap- (“to seize”). Cognates include Old English hæft (“captive”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐍆𐍄𐍃 (hafts), Latin captus (“captured”), Old Irish cacht (“captive, chain”), Welsh caeth (“slave, captivity, chain”), Latin captīvus…
Masse (“mass”) + -haft → massenhaft (“en masse”)
Ernst (“earnestness”) + -haft → ernsthaft (“serious”)
Attaches to an adjective in the feminine singular to form the corresponding adverb.
eş: -age, -ation, -tion
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *men- Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *méntis Proto-Italic *mentis Latin mēns Latin mente Old French -ment Middle French -ment French -ment Inherited from Middle French -ment, from Old French -ment, from Latin mente.
köken: From Middle Dutch -achtig, partly from -haftig, which consists of -haft and -ig; and partly continuing Middle Dutch -echt, from Proto-Germanic *-ihtaz, *-ahtaz. The suffix -haft stems from Proto-Germanic *haftaz (“tied, captured”). Compare German -haft, -haftig and Danish -agtig.
köken: From Old Swedish -aktogher, borrowed from Middle Low German -achtig, from -haftich (see German -haft). Cognate to Danish -agtig, Dutch -achtig, German -haft.
Added to a noun to form an adjective meaning "having something, a quality"; sometimes referred to as ornative. · Added to a noun to form an occupation or a collective noun. · Added to an ordinal number to form a digit or figure, cf. the relevant template.
haj (“hair”) + -as → hajas (“covered with hair”)
fazék (“pot”) + -as → fazekas (“potter”)
három (“three”) + -as → hármas (“the digit or figure 3”)
Attaches to an adjective in the feminine singular to form the corresponding adverb.
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *men- Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *méntis Proto-Italic *mentis Latin mēns Old Galician-Portuguese -mente Galician -mente Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese -mente, from Latin mente. Compare Portuguese -mente.
An adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form denoting origination or having a quality: -an, -ic · A surname suffix in the northern (mountainous) part of Georgia
გმირი (gmiri, “hero”) + -ული (-uli) → გმირული (gmiruli, “heroic”)
არაბი (arabi, “Arab”) + -ული (-uli) → არაბული (arabuli, “Arabic”)
ადმინისტრაცია (adminisṭracia, “administration”) + -ული (-uli) → ადმინისტრაციული (adminisṭraciuli, “administrative”)
Related to, in the manner of, of. Ending for all adjectives in Esperanto. · Belonging to, of. Ending for all possessive pronouns in Esperanto. · Used to form the ordinal numeral.
köken: From feminine singular adjectives (and nouns) of the Romance languages, such as French ma, Italian mia, Spanish mía, fría.