köken: As a surface analysis, this is a compound of 御 (o-, honorific prefix) + 母 (kā, “mother”) + さん (-san, honorific suffix). Historically, this represents a sound shift from older term o-kaka-sama, itself a compound of 御 (o-, honorific prefix) + 母 (kaka, “mother”) + 様 (-sama, honorific suffix). /okakasama/ → /okkasama/ → /okaːsama/ /okakasama/ → /okkasama/ → /okaːsan/ Attested in Osaka and Kyoto, with…
köken: First attested in the Yeombul bogwonmun (念佛普勸文 / 염불보권문), 1776, as Modern Korean 어마니 (eomani). From 어미 (eomi, “mother”) + -아 (-a, vocative particle) + —님 (-nim, honorific marker).
mother (woman in relation to her children) · mother (animal mother) · mother (woman in high position)
çekim: çoğul äidit · tamlayan äidin
eş: amma, emä, emo, eukko, maama, maamo
köken: From Proto-Finnic *äitei (compare Southern Ostrobothnian äitee, äiree, Estonian eit (“old woman”), Võro äide, äidi, ääde (“mother, grandmother”)), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *aiþį̄ (compare Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌴𐌹 (aiþei)) or from later Proto-Norse [script needed] (*aiðijōn). Attested since the time of Mikael Agricola (output c. 1543–1552). The front vowel in the word (if it is not a reflection of umlaut)…
A nation. · A nation other than Israel. · gentile (a non-Jewish person), goy
çekim: çoğul גּוֹיִים
köken: Uncertain, possibly related to גֵּו (gév, “body, torso”), i.e. an ”ethnic body”. Hans Bauer instead suggests a qatl- derivation from גָּאָה (gaʼá, “to rise”), as in Arabic قَوْم (qawm, “nation”) from قَامَ (qāma) and جَيْش (jayš, “troop”) from جَاشَ (jāša). The semantic shift to "member of another nation" had already begun in antiquity, appearing in extrabiblical sources such as the Damascus…
Roman clan (related by birth or marriage and sharing a common name and often united by certain religious rites) · stock, tribe · nation, country
çekim: çoğul gentēs · tamlayan gentis
köken: From Proto-Italic *gentis, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis, from root *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, to beget, to give birth”). See also generō, genus, gignō. Cognate with English kind, Sanskrit जाति (jāti), Ancient Greek γένος (génos) and Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis), whence English genesis.
köken: From Proto-Vietic *meːʔ ~ *mɛːʔ, from Proto-Austroasiatic *meʔ (“mother”). Cognate with Bahnar mĕ, Khmer ម៉ែ (mae), Mon မိ (mìˀ), Khasi mei. Ultimately a nursery word, compare Old Chinese 母 (*mɯʔ) and Proto-Tai *meːᴮ (whence Thai แม่ (mɛ̂ɛ)). Doublet of mái.
aile: bún mẹ, mẹ gà con vịt, mẹ kế, mẹ tròn con vuông
köken: Inherited from Old Slovak mama, from Proto-Slavic *mama, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *mā́ˀmāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂-méh₂, a reduplication of *méh₂- - the root of *méh₂tēr (“mother”).
köken: A nursery word. From Proto-Balto-Slavic *mā́ˀmāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂-méh₂, a reduplication of *méh₂- - the root of *méh₂tēr (“mother”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *mama, German Muhme (“aunt”), Latin mamma (“mother, nurse”), Irish mam (“mother”) among others.