köken: From Middle High German ast, from Old High German ast, from Proto-West Germanic *ast, from Proto-Germanic *astaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ósdos (“branch”).
aile: ästig, auf dem absteigenden Ast sein, den Ast absägen, auf dem man sitzt, entästen, Geäst
köken: First mentioned in 1915, alongside the less common variant cenceñada (“hearfrost”). A theory points at a back-formation from earlier *recencellada (“hearfrost”) (1894, only found in Luis Maldonado), from recencio (“a north-west wind; hearfrost”), either from cierzo (“a north-west wind”) or from Latin recēns (“fresh”), or, according to RAE, directly from cierzo (“a north-west wind”).
köken: Inherited from Old East Slavic сѫкъ (sǫkŭ), from Proto-Slavic *sǫkъ.
aile: сукова́тый, сучкова́тый, сучо́к, руби́ть сук, на кото́ром сиди́шь, пили́ть сук, на кото́ром сиди́шь, без сучка́ и задо́ринки, без сучка́, без задо́ринки
hoar frost, hoarfrost · synonym of härmätauti (powdery mildew)
çekim: çoğul härmät · tamlayan härmän
köken: From Proto-Finnic *härmä (compare Estonian härm, Karelian härmä, Livonian ǟrma; from earlier *šärmä), borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (compare Latvian sarma, Lithuanian šarma).
köken: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *seržь (expected would be **среж), possibly merged with *skręga (“curtailment”) (whence Russian скря́га (skrjága, “cheapskate”)).