to have to (do something); must; to be obliged (to do something); to need (to do something). · to have to do something implied; must; to be obliged. · to need to go to the bathroom.
çekim: geçmiş musste · ortaç gemusst · şimdiki muss · ulaç müssend
eş: notwendig, nötig, verpflichtet
köken: From Middle High German müeȥen, from Old High German muoȥan, from Proto-West Germanic *mōtan. The preservation of the original diphthong can still be seen in Bavarian muass, the first and third person singular present form of miassn. See können for the origin of the historically unexpected umlaut.
Expresses an obligation or confident conjecture, equivalent to English must, have to, should, ought, etc.
köken: Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾp̄ʾyt' /abāyēd/, “it is necessary, fitting; must”), Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫀𐫁𐫀𐫏𐫅 (ʾbʾyd). Originally the third-person singular present of the verb بایستن (bāyistan /bâyestan, “to be necessary”), hence etymologically "it is necessary". The original verb is now obsolete except in a few conjugations, of which باید (bāyad /bâyad, “should;…
to be necessary, to be required · to have to, must · should, be meant to, be supposed to
çekim: geçmiş moesten · ortaç gemoeten · şimdiki moet · ulaç moetend
zıt: niet hoeven
köken: From Middle Dutch moeten, from Old Dutch muotan, from Proto-West Germanic *mōtan, from Proto-Germanic *mōtaną. Cognate with English must, German müssen (“must”), and English mote (“may, might”). Unrelated to -moeten in ontmoeten.
right (side, direction) (in bên phải) · correct · obverse
zıt: trái, không đúng, sai, trật
köken: Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 被 (“to suffer; passive marker”, SV: bị) (Old Chinese: /*m-pʰ(r)ajʔ, m-pʰ(r)ajʔ-s, mə-pʰ(r)aj, pʰ(r)aj-s/ in Baxter and Sagart (2014), along the semantic evolution of “to have to endure; to suffer” > “have to; must” > “correct” > “right (in direction)”. It may reflect an Old Chinese pronunciation /*N-pʰ(r)ajʔ-s/ with the loss of a nasal prefix as is also seen…
aile: ba phải, bên phải, mặt phải, phải biết, phải cách, phải chăng, phải đạo, phải đường, phải giá, phải lẽ
çekim: geçmiş turė́jo · ortaç turė́jęs · ulaç tùrįs
köken: From Proto-Baltic *turētei, from Proto-Indo-European *turH-yé-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *twerH- (“to enclose, grab”). Cognate to Latvian turēt, Latin tueor, Old Church Slavonic творити (tvoriti).
to be necessary, to be needed, to be desired · must, should (expressing confidence about the existence or occurrence of something)
çekim: geçmiş vajadzēja · ortaç vajadzēts · şimdiki vajag
köken: Borrowed from Livonian vajāg (“necessary”); cf. Estonian vaja (“necessary; need; lack”), Finnish vajaa (“incomplete, inadequate; need”), Veps vajag (“incomplete”). In 16th-18th century texts, the word (in the older form vaijaga) is used as an adjective, often accompanied by the copula (vaijaga ir... “it is necessary”), following the original Livonian pattern. From the 17th century on, it began…
to keep, to hold · to keep, to maintain · to keep back, to hold back
çekim: geçmiş olla pidanud · ortaç pidanud · şimdiki peab · ulaç pidav
köken: From Proto-Finnic *pitädäk.
aile: pidamine
Lauda pidas vaid üks nael.
Ta oskab tempot pidada.
Jaan tahtis jubedalt kakelda, aga sai veel pidama.
Etimoloji
Inherited from Old French faloir, from an earlier falleir, from a changing of Old French faillir after its third person singular, faut, earlier falt (from Latin fallit), based off the model of valoir. Faillir derives in turn from Vulgar Latin *fallīre, from Latin fallere, fallō. Compare Franco-Provençal falêr from a similar development in Old Franco-Provençal.