köken: Probably from Middle Low German holm (“girt”), from Old Saxon *helma, from Proto-West Germanic *helmō, which pertains to the Germanic root *helmô (compare English helm). Older theories derive it from the plural of dialectal Hulbe (“beam”) with -ben → -m (a rather common development in German). This seems less likely, particularly since Holm was spread by Jahn, who introduced several Low German…
a student who has been enrolled at an institution for many years without obtaining a degree; a type of perpetual student · a horizontal piece resting on supports, like a lintel · a crossbar (on a soccer goal)
A plank, crosspiece supported on trestles so as to form a bank
çekim: çoğul vibiae · tamlayan vibiae
köken: Uncertain; proposed derivations include: * From a root common to Ancient Greek γέφυρα (géphura, “dyke, dam”) and Old Armenian կամուրջ (kamurǰ, “bridge”). * From Proto-Indo-European *wh₁iéye-, from *weh₁y- (“to twist, to twine”). Cognates include Latin vieō, Sanskrit व्ययति (vyáyati), Ancient Greek ἴτυς (ítus, “felloe”), Ἶρις (Îris), Russian вить (vitʹ), English wire, garland.
crossbar · step of a ladder · rail of a ladder, of a bed, of a stretcher, etc.
çekim: çoğul banzos
köken: Obscure. Perhaps either from Proto-Germanic *bankô (“elevation, bank”) or from *bankiz (“bench”); alternatively from the same etymon that Galician banda (“side, bank”), or from the same Celtic etymon that Irish feige.
köken: From Proto-Albanian *stalkā, from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“stalk, stem”). Cognate to Ancient Greek στέλος (stélos, “beam”), Sanskrit स्थल (sthála, “elevation”), Middle Low German stale (“post”). Also compare Old English stalu (“wooden upright”) (English stalk), Danish stilk.