-th, -nd etc; Used to form the ordinal form of a cardinal number
-st, -nd, and -th; forms ordinal numbers
köken: Inherited from Middle French -iesme, from Old French -esme, from Latin -ēsimus, via Vulgar Latin *-ĕsimus with irregular short *-e-, with analogy with ordinal numbers of tens like vīcēsimus or trīcēsimus.
aile: centième, cinquantième, cinquième, combientième, deuxième, dixième, douzième, énième, huitième, ixième
🔊 quatrième
-th (used to form ordinal numbers)
eş: -ismo, -asmo, -istica
köken: From Latin -ēsimus, exhibited in the numerals from 20-90, as well as the hundreds and thousands.
First-person singular possessive suffix.
köken: From Proto-Iranian *-mai, genetive first person singular enclitic pronoun.
🔊 بیست و یکم
🔊 یک ششم میوه
Suffix creating ordinal numbers.
köken: Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-inč.
Portekizce 🔊 -avo (8, 18, 28, …) , -ésimo , -to (4, 5, 6, 14, 15, 16, …) /ˈɛ.zi.mu/ Forms ordinal or fractional numbers from cardinal numbers; -th.
köken: From Latin -ēsimus (“-th”). Cognate with Asturian -ésimu, Spanish -ésimo.
aile: bilionésimo, cagagésimo, colhonésimo, enésimo, infinitésimo, milionésimo, n-ésimo, quatrilionésimo, trilionésimo, zerésimo
🔊 milhão (“million”) + -ésimo → milionésimo (“millionth”)
-th; derives ordinal numbers · -th oldest child
köken: First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 자히 (Yale: cahi). Compare Old Korean 音第叱 (*-m CAHI-s).
🔊 지구는 태양계의 셋째 행성입니다.
🔊 우리 집에서 내가 넷째야.
creates the past tense of weak verbs in the first conjugation
🔊 att simma (“to swim”) + -de → simmade (“swam”)
🔊 att träffa (“to hit”) + -de → träffade (“hit [past]”)
forms passive participles of simple -i, -y, -u or -ą stems (or verbs with the suffix -nąć) and causes apophony of ą→ę
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Balto-Slavic *-tas Proto-Slavic *-tъ Old Polish -ty Polish -ty Inherited from Old Polish -ty.
🔊 bić + -ty → bity
🔊 szyć + -ty → szyty
🔊 czuć + -ty → czuty
forms ordinal numbers from all cardinals except for एक (ek, “1”), दो (do, “2”), तीन (tīn, “3”), चार (cār, “4”), and sometimes छह (chah, “6”)
Makes commands or requests more persuasive. · Appended to a second-person imperative with the particle -pa/-pä to give a command or request a slightly more persuasive or inspiring tone. · Appended to the impersonal indicative present form to soften the command or request or to make it more persuasive.
köken: Contracted from the second-person singular pronoun sa, sä (sinä in modern standard language), but no longer tied to being used in second-person.
🔊 Kuules nyt!
🔊 Kuulkaas nyt!
🔊 Tees nämä tehtävät.
Used in adjectives with the meaning “related to”. Used as a translation of -ic · Forming from place names nouns with the meaning “person related to”.
köken: Compare Arabic ـِيّ (-iyy, suffix used to derive adjectives and nouns).
🔊 אֱמֶת (emét, “truth”) + ־ִי → אֲמִתִּי /אמיתי (amití, “real, true”)
🔊 אוֹרְגָּנִי (orgáni, “organic”)
🔊 אָטוֹם (atóm, “atom”) + ־ִי → אָטוֹמִי (atómi, “atomic”)
-th (ordinal number affix) · group
köken: From Malay ke-, from Old Malay ke-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ika- (“prefix for ordinal numerals”), from Proto-Austronesian *Sika- (“prefix for ordinal numbers”).
🔊 bulan kelima
🔊 kedua buku
forms an ordinal number from a cardinal number · -ene
köken: Inherited from Latin -ēnus, from -nus.
Forms an equative of an adjective of one or two syllables.
köken: From Proto-Brythonic *-hed, from Proto-Celtic *-isetos.
🔊 gwan (“weak”) + -ed → gwanned (“as weak”)
🔊 rhad (“cheap”) + -ed → rhated (“as cheap”)
🔊 cynt (“faster, earlier, sooner”) + -ed → cynted (“as fast, as early, as soon”)
Regular verbal noun of second-conjugation verbs, notably verbs in -aigh.
köken: From Old Irish -ugud. By surface analysis, -aigh + -adh.
🔊 tosaigh (“begin”) + -ú → tosú (“commencement”)
🔊 uraigh (“eclipse”, verb) + -ú → urú (“eclipse”, noun)
Forming ordinal numbers.
köken: From Old Armenian -երորդ (-erord).
🔊 տասնութ
🔊 տասնութերորդ
used to form ordinal numbers
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Austronesian *Sika- Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ika- Proto-Philippine *ika- Tagalog ika- Inherited from Proto-Philippine *ika-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ika-, from Proto-Austronesian *Sika-. Compare Cebuano ika-.
🔊 ika- + dalawa (“two”) → ikalawa (“second”)
🔊 ika- + lima (“five”) → ikalima (“five o'clock”)
Ordinal number affix; -th.
köken: From Old Malay ke-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-.
🔊 Bulan kelima.
Related to, in the manner of, of. Ending for all adjectives in Esperanto. · Belonging to, of. Ending for all possessive pronouns in Esperanto. · Used to form the ordinal numeral.
köken: From feminine singular adjectives (and nouns) of the Romance languages, such as French ma, Italian mia, Spanish mía, fría.
aile: bela, dekstra, vera, ĝia, ilia, lia, mia, nia, onia, sia
🔊 belo (“beauty”) + -a → bela (“beautiful”)
🔊 dekstro (“the right direction”) (as opposed to left) + -a → dekstra (“to the right”)
🔊 vero (“truth”) + -a → vera (“true”)