a, one; marks a noun phrase as indefinite or non-specific, especially in the literary language · marks the antecedent of a restrictive relative clause as definite
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ís? Proto-Indo-European *óywos Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háywas Proto-Iranian *Háywah Old Persian 𐎠𐎡𐎺 (a-i-v /aiva/) Middle Persian 𐭸 (1 /ē(w)/) Persian ـی Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭸 (1 /ē(w)/), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎡𐎺 (a-i-v /aiva/), from Proto-Iranian *Háywah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háywas, from Proto-Indo-European *óywos, possibly from *ís.
forms the augmentative of nouns · used to refer to things affectionately · forms nouns, from nouns, implying that the suffixed noun is powerful or good
zıt: -inho, -ito, -culo, -ete
köken: From Old Galician-Portuguese -on, from Latin -ōnem. Akin to Galician -ón, Spanish -ón, Italian -one and French -on, compare Romanian -oi.
livro (“book”) + -ão → livrão (“big book”)
janela (“window”) + -ão → janelona (“big window”)
filho (“son”) + -ão → filhão (“used by a father to address his son, when he is proud of the son”)
Regular construction of comparative: ful (“ugly”) → fulare (“uglier”) · Denotes a person or object who (regularly) performs the action of the verb: klättra (“climb”) → klättrare (“climber”)
köken: From Old Swedish -are, from Old Norse -ari (also substituting Old Norse -ir), from Proto-Germanic *-ōzô.
Combined with a place name, forms the noun for the inhabitant of a place; or an adjective meaning "of or relating to (the place)". · Combined with a name, forms an adjective for a member of an organization or other defined group, a follower of philosophy etc. · Combined with a common noun, forms nouns for people characterized by this noun.
köken: From Proto-Finnic *-lainën; equivalent to -la (toponym suffix) + -inen. Cognate with Estonian -lane, Veps -laine. Attested since at least the Bible translation of 1548, which uses it in Mark 7.26 (Grekilainen) and Luke 4.27 (Syrialainen), among other places.
Viro (“Estonia”) + -lainen → virolainen (“Estonian”)
Savo (“Savonia”) + -lainen → savolainen (“Savonian”)
German Hegel + -lainen → hegeliläinen (“Hegelian”)
grader (noun suffix denoting a grade) · from nouns: forms nouns that indicate that the referent is characterized by or relating to the base noun · from adjectives: forms nouns that indicate that the referent has the property denoted by the base adjective
forms nouns meaning the location or object where something is usually found · forms nouns meaning a plant which is cultivated to produce something · forms nouns meaning the purpose of something or an object used for that purpose
köken: Inherited from Latin -ārius. Compare the borrowed doublet -ari.
köken: Inherited from Proto-Malayic *uraŋ (“person”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *uʀaŋ (“outsider”). Possible cognate with Javanese wong. For the pronoun senses, Calque of Hokkien 儂 /侬 (lâng). First attested in the Telaga Batu inscription, 683 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (urang).
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Italic *-nos Latin -nus Latin -ānusder. Esperanto -ano Likely from Latin -ānus. Compare Italian -ano, Spanish -ano, English -an, French -en, Portuguese -ão.