-less
zıt: -haft, -haltig, -ig, -voll
köken: From Middle High German -lōs, from Old High German -lōs, from Proto-West Germanic *-laus. Related to lose (“loose”). Cognate with English -less and Dutch -loos.
dis-; indicative of a negative
köken: Inherited from Old Spanish des-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. Doublet of dis-, which was borrowed.
🔊 des- + colgar (“to hang up (a phone)”) → descolgar (“to pick up (a phone)”)
dis-
köken: Inherited from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. See also s-.
🔊 dis- + fare (“do”) → disfare (“undo”)
🔊 dis- + organizzare (“organize”) → disorganizzare (“disorganize”)
-less (sometimes also translated as un-, in-; see example below)
köken: From بی (“without”), earlier ابی (abê), from Middle Persian [script needed] (apě), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”). Compare Old Armenian ապա- (apa-), an Iranian borrowing.
🔊 بیـ + گناه (gonâh, “sin”) → بیگناه (bê-gonâh, “innocent”, literally “sinless”)
Suffix used to create adjectives not containing the noun; roughly equivalent to English -less (or sometimes de-, non-, un-)
zıt: -луу
köken: From Proto-Turkic *-siŕ.
-less, without
köken: A suffixed variant of loos, from Middle Dutch -loos, from Old Dutch -lōs, from Proto-West Germanic *laus, from Proto-Germanic *lausaz.
un-; de-; dis- (forms verbs indicating the reversal of the prefixed verb) · un- (forms nouns indicating the lack or opposite of the prefixed noun) · misspelling of dis-
köken: Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese des-, from Latin dis-.
🔊 des- + ligar (“to turn on”) → desligar (“to turn off”)
🔊 des- + amor (“love”) → desamor (“disdain”)
a-, an-, in-, un-, -less (Τhe alpha privative, privative a, alpha privativum, indicating an opposite or lacking sense)
köken: Inherited from Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.
🔊 α- (a-) + βάσιμος (vásimos, “reliable”) → αβάσιμος (avásimos, “unreliable”)
🔊 ά- (á-) + μέτρο (métro, “measure”) → άμετρος (ámetros, “countless”)
🔊 αν- (an-) + αλάτι (aláti, “salt”) → ανάλατος (análatos, “unsalted”)
Added on a noun to yield an adjective denoting a lack of. Compare English -less.
köken: From Old Swedish løs, from Old Norse lauss (Norwegian Bokmål -løs, Danish -løs, Icelandic laus), from Proto-Germanic *lausaz.
🔊 tyngd + -lös → tyngdlös
🔊 ljud + -lös → ljudlös
dis-, un- · -less, -free
eş: a-, nie-
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰe Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *-ǵʰs Proto-Balto-Slavic *beź Proto-Slavic *bez(ъ) Proto-Slavic *bez- Old Polish bez- Polish bez- Inherited from Old Polish bez-.
🔊 bez- + sens → bezsens
🔊 bez- + nadzieja → beznadziejny
🔊 bez- + gluten → bezglutenowy
dis-, un- · adjective-forming prefix denoting deprivation of a feature: -less, -free
köken: From Proto-Slavic *bez- from *bez.
-less
köken: See हीन (hīn, “lesser”).
Indicates lack of something; -less, un-, in-, non-, -free.
zıt: -llinen
köken: From Proto-Finnic *-t'oin (compare Estonian -tu), from Proto-Uralic *-ktama (compare Northern Sami -heapme and Moksha -фтома (-ftoma), Erzya -(в)томо (-(v)tomo), Udmurt -тэм (-tem)).
🔊 aika (“time”) + -ton → ajaton (“timeless”)
🔊 järki (“sense”) + -ton → järjetön (“senseless”)
🔊 maku (“taste”) + -ton → mauton (“tasteless”)
-less, -free
eş: beze-, -prostý
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰe Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *-ǵʰs Proto-Balto-Slavic *beź Proto-Slavic *bez(ъ) Proto-Slavic *bez- Czech bez- Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bez-.
aile: bezbolestný, bezbranný, bezcelní, bezcitný, bezduchý, bezdůvodný, bezhlavý, bezcharakterní, bezchybný, bezkonkurenční
without · free
köken: Inherited from Latin forās. Compare Aromanian fãrã.
aile: fără să, și fără să
🔊 Pleacă fără mine.
🔊 lapte fără grăsime.
-less, un-, dis- (a privative suffix added to a word to form adjectives with a meaning of lacking something)
🔊 fog (“tooth”) + -atlan → fogatlan (“toothless”)
🔊 tanul (“to study”) + -atlan → tanulatlan (“uneducated”)
god (a deity or supreme being; a supernatural, typically immortal, being with superior powers, to which personhood is attributed)
çekim: çoğul אלים
köken: From Proto-Semitic *ʔil-. Cognate with Akkadian 𒀭 (ilum), Arabic إِل (ʔil), إِلَٰه (ʔilāh), Aramaic אלה (aláh).
aile: אֶלְעָד, אֶלְעָזָר, אֲרִיאֵל, גַּבְרִיאֵל, מִיכָאֵל
a-, an-, non-, -less
köken: Learned borrowing from Sanskrit निर् (nir), the alternative form of निस् (nis, “out, forth, away”, adverb). Probably coined by Komisi Istilah (compare awa- which is also coined by Komisi Istilah).
🔊 nirguna
🔊 nirkabel
🔊 nirtunai
without (not having)
köken: Inherited from Old Church Slavonic безъ (bezŭ), from Proto-Slavic *bez, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeǵʰs.