köken: From Middle High German vīant, from Old High German fīant, fīand, from Proto-West Germanic *fijand, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz. Cognate to Low German Feend, Fiend, Icelandic fjandi, Dutch vijand, English fiend, Danish fjende, Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands), Yiddish פֿײַנד (faynd).
köken: From a semi-learned modification of Old Galician-Portuguese ẽemigo, based on its etymology, Latin inimicus, itself from in- (“not”) + amicus (“friend”) (modern amigo).
köken: From Old Norse fjándi, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz, corresponding to the present participle of the verb fjá (“hate”). Compare Danish fjende, Icelandic fjandi, German Feind, English fiend.
köken: Borrowed from Kipchak [Term?]. Later reinforced by Ottoman Turkish دشمن (düşmen) (Turkish düşman), ultimately from Classical Persian دُشْمَن (dušman).
an enemy of the state, an enemy, a hostile, opponent, foe · the enemy
çekim: çoğul hostēs · tamlayan hostium
köken: From Proto-Italic *hostis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis (“guest, stranger”), whence also Proto-Germanic *gastiz (English guest) and Proto-Slavic *gostь. Varro (de lingua latina 5.4) confirms this: tum eō verbō dīcēbant peregrīnum …, nunc dīcunt eum quem tum dīcēbant perduellem. ("Back then this word meant a stranger, today it means the same as perduellis - an enemy of the state.").
aile: hospes, hosticus
Exīre ex urbe iubet cōnsul hostem.
Deinde, eiusdem arrogantiae, prōverbium iactātur: totidem hostēs esse quot servōs. Nōn habēmus illōs hostēs, sed facimus.
köken: From Old Danish fiændæ, from Old Norse fjándi, to Proto-Germanic *fijandz, an old present participle of the verb fjá (“hate”), *fijāną. Cognate with English fiend, German Feind, Faroese fíggindi, Norwegian Bokmål fiende, and Swedish fiende.