köken: From long + temps, from Old French lonc tans. Ultimately inherited from Proto-Indo-European *dlongʰos, which is also where the English long time came from. The French term is a partial cognate, not a calque, of the English one.
aile: avant longtemps, de longtemps
Ça fait longtemps que ton frère habite chez toi ?
C'était comme ça il y a longtemps, mais plus maintenant.
köken: First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 오래〮 (Yale: wòláy), originally a derived adverb of Middle Korean 오라〮다〮 (Yale: wòlá-tá, “to be a long time”) with adverbial suffix 이 (Yale: -i), but rarely perceived as such by modern speakers.
long (for a lengthy duration) · far, a long way (over a great distance in space)
eş: długotrwale, przewlekle, bezterminowo, dożywotnio, latami, na wieki
zıt: krótko, niedługo
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *delh₁gʰ- Proto-Indo-European *dl̥h₁gʰós Proto-Balto-Slavic *dílˀgas Proto-Slavic *dь̀lgъ Old Polish długi Proto-Slavic *-o Old Polish -o Old Polish długo Polish długo Inherited from Old Polish długo. By surface analysis, długi + -o. Compare Czech dlouho, Kashubian długò, and Russian до́лго (dólgo).
aile: pleć pleciugo byle długo, długo nie pociągnąć, nie dać na siebie długo czekać, nie dawać na siebie długo czekać, nie dać się długo prosić, nie dawać się długo prosić, nosić się długo
köken: Instructive singular case of the root kauka- (kauko-) (“far”) (*kauɣan). Cognate to Ingrian kavvan (“for a long time”), Estonian kaua (“for a long time”), Votic kauga (“for a long time”).
long, a long while, a while, for long, for a long time · continually, all day · long enough
zıt: paulisper, noctū, nocte, nox
köken: From Proto-Italic *djowe, from Proto-Indo-European *dyéw(i) (“during the day”), locative case of *dyḗws, with d possibly imported from diēs. Cognate with Old Armenian տիւ (tiw), Sanskrit दिवा॑ (dívā, “by day”), ज्योक् (jyok, “for a long while”).
köken: From Old Norse lengi, originally an accusative of the noun Old Danish længe (“length”), from Proto-Germanic *langį̄, cognate with German Länge and Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌹 (laggei). Derived from the adjective *langaz (“long”).