köken: Probably ultimately of Sinitic origin - see Mandarin 大风 (dàfēng, “big wind”), Cantonese 大風 /大风 (daai⁶ fung¹, “big wind”) - via Arabic طوفان (ṭūfān), Hindi तूफ़ान (tūfān), and Persian توفان (tufân). Given the location of typhoons as a Pacific Ocean phenomenon, it is more likely it began east and moved west. Ancient Greek Τυφῶν (Tuphôn, “Typhon, father of the winds”) is unrelated but has…
a tropical storm, with wind speeds over 34 knots (17 m/s) · a storm, a cyclone, a hurricane, willy willy
eş: 野分, 颶風
köken: First attested in Japanese in 1900 in the katakana form タイフーン (taifūn), itself a borrowing from English typhoon. Prior to the Meiji era (1868–1912), this kind of severe storm was called a 野分き (nowaki), literally a "field-splitter" for the way the winds would wreak havoc on farms. The term タイフーン (taifūn) then appears in 1900, also attested with spelling 大風 and reading of taifun. Then in 1907…