çekim: geçmiş bestemmiàto · ortaç bestemmiàto · şimdiki bestémmia · ulaç bestemmiànte
eş: offendere Dio, imprecare, oltraggiare, maledire, imprecare, parlare stentatamente
köken: Blend of biastemmiare (archaic form) + bestia (“beast”). The former derives from Late Latin blastēmāre (variant of blasphēmāre). Doublet of blasfemare and biasimare. Compare Sicilian jastimijari, Romanian blestemare.
Quando giungon davanti a la ruina, quivi le strida, il compianto, il lamento; bestemmian quivi la virtù divina.
Bestemmiavano Dio e lor parenti, ¶ l’umana spezie e ’l loco e ’l tempo e ’l seme ¶ di lor semenza e di lor nascimenti.
Rinuccio dolente, & beſtemmiando la ſua ſventura non ſe ne tornò a caſa per tutto queſto
gang (a group of people united for the purpose of crime or vandalism)
çekim: çoğul bander · tamlayan bandes
köken: Borrowed via German Bande from French bande, which is itself borrowed from a Germanic language (cf. Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍅𐍉 (bandwō, “sign”), from *bandwō).
to scold, to rebuke, to malign, to curse · to swear, to cuss · to call each other names
çekim: geçmiş none · ortaç руга́н · şimdiki руга́е · ulaç руга́ещ
köken: Borrowed from Russian руга́ть (rugátʹ), which is a doublet of ръга́я (rǎgája) (inherited), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *rǫgati. Superficially also resembles Bulgarian ръ́гам (rǎ́gam, “to prod”), however, their semantics don't match exactly.