köken: Originally a compound of 御 (o-, honorific prefix) + 早く (hayaku, “early”, adverb), from adjective 早い (hayai, “early”). Modern Japanese -i adjectives formerly ended in -ki for the attributive form. This medial /k/ dropped out during the Muromachi period, both for the attributive form (-ki becoming -i) and for the adverbial form (-ku becoming -u). However, the adverbial form reverted back to -ku…
köken: Literally, “good day”. The original, now dated, form was dobry dzień (which see for more), which at some point began to be pronounced as dobrydzień (now dated and dialectal) with the stress on -bry-; to prevent the spread of that rural form, the words were rearranged.
köken: Inherited from Old Ruthenian до́брый день (dóbryj denʹ), from Old East Slavic добрꙑи дьнь (dobryi dĭnĭ), from Proto-Slavic *dòbrъ dь̏nь. By surface analysis, univerbation of до́брий (dóbryj, “good”) + день (denʹ, “day”). Compare Polish dobrydzień, Belarusian дабры́дзень (dabrýdzjenʹ).
good day, good morning, good afternoon (used between approx. 9 a.m. and 6 p.m.; sometimes considered overly terse, curt, or blunt - use the longer synonym below to avoid this)
köken: jó (“good”) + nap (“day”) + -ot (accusative suffix)