to tell off, to scold, to yell at · to complain, to grouse, to bitch, to curse · to call
çekim: geçmiş schimpfte · ortaç geschimpft · şimdiki schimpft · ulaç schimpfend
köken: From Middle High German schimpfen, from Old High German skimpfen, from Proto-West Germanic *skimpijan. Cognate with dialectal English skimp (“to make fun of, scoff at”), Dutch schimpen (“to mock, scold”).
to curse (to wish harm upon) · to curse, to imprecate, to missay
çekim: geçmiş złorzeczono · şimdiki złorzeczy
köken: Calque of Latin maledicere, which is in turn a calque of Ancient Greek κακολογεῖν (kakologeîn). By surface analysis, zły + -o- + rzec + -yć. Compare Old Czech zlořečit.
to scold, to rebuke, to malign, to curse · to swear, to cuss · to call each other names
çekim: geçmiş none · ortaç руга́н · şimdiki руга́е · ulaç руга́ещ
köken: Borrowed from Russian руга́ть (rugátʹ), which is a doublet of ръга́я (rǎgája) (inherited), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *rǫgati. Superficially also resembles Bulgarian ръ́гам (rǎ́gam, “to prod”), however, their semantics don't match exactly.
From Middle Dutch tieren, from Proto-West Germanic *tiari- (“neat, splendid”), from Proto-Germanic *diH-or-i-. The ultimate origin is uncertain, but cognate with Old Norse tærr (“clear (water)”), which could be related to tár (“tear”) << Proto-Germanic *tahrą. Cognate with German zieren, and also sieren which was borrowed from Middle High German.