köken: From Middle High German sumer, from Old High German sumar, from Proto-West Germanic *sumar. The expected modern form is Summer, as indeed found in most southern dialects, such as Alemannic German Summer, Bavarian Summer and Luxembourgish Summer. The vocalism -o- is of Central and Low German origin (compare Middle Low German som[m]er). Further cognates are Dutch zomer, West Frisian simmer, English…
köken: From Byzantine Greek καλοκαίριν (kalokaírin, “good season, good weather”), from Ancient Greek καλοκαίριον (kalokaírion, “fine weather”). By surface analysis, καλός (kalós) + καιρός (kairós).
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- Proto-Indo-European *-mós Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰarmás Proto-Iranian *garmáhder. Middle Persian 𐭢𐭥𐭬𐭩𐭧 (gʿmyḥ /garmīh/) Classical Persian گَرْمِی (garmī)bor. Hindi गर्मी Borrowed from Classical Persian گَرْمِی (garmī), from Middle Persian 𐭢𐭥𐭬𐭩𐭧 (gʿmyḥ /garmīh/), from Proto-Iranian *garmáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰarmás, from Proto-Indo-European…
köken: From Proto-Finnic *kesä (compare Estonian kesa (“fallow”), Veps keza (“summer”), Võro kesä (“fallow”)), from Proto-Finno-Permic *kesä (“summer”) (compare Northern Sami geassi, Erzya кизэ (kizë)), possibly a loanword from Indo-European; see it for more. Introduced from the eastern dialects into the standard language in the 19th century to replace the Western Finnish word suvi.
From Middle Persian [script needed] (hāmīn), from Old Persian, from Proto-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-Iranian (compare Sanskrit समा (sámā, “season, year”)), from Proto-Indo-European *s(e)m-eh₂- (compare English summer).