köken: From Middle High German vīant, from Old High German fīant, fīand, from Proto-West Germanic *fijand, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz. Cognate to Low German Feend, Fiend, Icelandic fjandi, Dutch vijand, English fiend, Danish fjende, Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands), Yiddish פֿײַנד (faynd).
köken: From earlier form هبو (habô) from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (hbwk' /habōg/) from Proto-Iranian *hapáθniH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sapátniH (“co-wife, concubine”) from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥pótnih₂ (“co-wife”), made up from *sm̥- (“together, co-”) + *pótnih₂ (“wife”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬚𐬥𐬍 (hapaθnī, “co-wife”), Pashto بن (bën), Northern Kurdish hewî, Central Kurdish ھەوێ…
köken: From Old Norse fjándi, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz, corresponding to the present participle of the verb fjá (“hate”). Compare Danish fjende, Icelandic fjandi, German Feind, English fiend.
köken: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *neprijateľь. By surface analysis, ne- + přítel.
aile: nepřátelský, veřejný nepřítel, vnitřní nepřítel
Etimoloji
Orel suggests a morphological transformation of Vulgar Latin *sub-marīta or *sub-marītica, a derivative of Latin marīta (“married woman”). Çabej deems it an early borrowing from Proto-Slavic *sębrъ. A later borrowing sem(b)ër/sëmbër from the same source is attested across dialects. A derivative shmrijak (“farming partner”) is attested in Northern subdialects. Compare Serbo-Croatian sebar,…