area (measure of the extent of a surface) · area, field, domain (one's field of expertise or activity) · field, discipline (specific branch of knowledge, learning, or practice; e.g. in work or sciences)
çekim: çoğul alat · tamlayan alan
köken: From Proto-Finnic *ala; see ala- for more. Already in Finnic, this stem, originally meaning “lower, under” was repurposed as a noun meaning “underside, lower side”, whence “area”, whence the other senses like “domain”, “field”, “sector”.
arena (the sand-covered center of an amphitheater where contests were held in Ancient Rome) · circus ring (a circular arena in a circus, where the acts are performed) · arena (a realm in which events take place; an area of interest, study, behavior, etc.)
çekim: çoğul arénák
köken: Borrowed from Latin arēna, alternative form of harēna (“sand, sandy place, place of combat”). First attested in 1550.
a royal court, where mandarins would prostrate themselves in front of the reigning monarch · stage (for a performance)
köken: sân (“court; yard”) + khấu (“to kowtow; to prostrate oneself”, 叩). The modern meaning might be due to the bows often seen with the curtain call at the end of a play or performance. If so, this word most likely first acquired the meaning "stage" after European performance arts started to become familiar to Vietnamese speakers, as Vietnamese performance arts traditionally likely did not feature…