köken: Inherited from Old Spanish ayuno, from a Vulgar Latin *aiūnus < *iaiūnus, jajūnus, from Latin iēiūnus, from Proto-Italic *jagjūnos, itself from Proto-Indo-European *Hyeh₂ǵ-yu-, adjectival form of *Hyeh₂ǵ-ye/o- (“to sacrifice”).
eş: a stomaco vuoto, affamato, senza cibo, vuoto, impreparato, ignaro
köken: From a Vulgar Latin derivative of Latin ieiūnium. The initial Latin ie- or je- may have changed to de- over time, leading to di- in Italian. Compare the similar Catalan dejuni. Alternatively digiuno may have been regressively derived from the verb digiunare, and was independent of this Latin word.
köken: Old Russian and pre-Reform постъ (post), as it were Proto-Slavic *postъ, a loan from Old High German fasta (“fast”) (8th century, a feminine noun from the root of Proto-Germanic *fastāną), presumably first in this sense in Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 (fastan), gloss of νηστεία (nēsteía).
köken: From Old Galician-Portuguese jajũu, from Latin iēiūnium (“fast”), from iēiūnus (“hungry, abstinent”), from Proto-Italic *jagjūnos, itself from Proto-Indo-European *Hyeh₂ǵ-yu-, adjectival form of *Hyeh₂ǵ-ye/o- (“to sacrifice”). Compare Galician xaxún, xexún, French jeûne and Spanish ayuno. Doublet of the borrowed jejuno.
fast, fasting (abstaining from or eating very little food) · the day before a holiday when people fast, or in general the day before any event; eve
çekim: çoğul ajunuri · tamlayan ajunului
köken: Probably from Latin iēiūnium or iēiūnus through a Vulgar Latin root *iaiūnus > *aiūnus, from Proto-Italic *jagjūnos, itself from Proto-Indo-European *Hyeh₂ǵ-yu-, adjectival form of *Hyeh₂ǵ-ye/o- (“to sacrifice”). Compare Spanish ayuno, French jeun, jeûne, also Italian digiuno. The equivalent Aromanian word agiun also carries the sense of 'starving', 'hungry'.
fast (abstain from food) · Lent (period before Easter)
çekim: çoğul faster · tamlayan fastes
köken: From Old Norse fasta, from Proto-Germanic *fastǭ (“fast”), cognate with German Fasten. Like the verb, derived from the adjective Proto-Germanic *fastuz (“firm”).
From Persian روزه (ruze). Cognate with Kazakh ораза (oraza), Nogai ораза (oraza), Southern Altai орозо (orozo), Kumyk ораза (oraza), Tatar ураза (uraza), Azerbaijani oruc, Turkmen oruç, Uzbek roʻza, etc.