köken: From Latin turbinem + -era, probably via a *tolvenera, according to Corominas and Pascual. It appeared first as a gloss in 1739 in the Diccionario de autoridades.
köken: Etymology tree Sanskrit वातमण्डल (vātamaṇḍala) Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁-der. Proto-Indo-Iranian *HwaHyúš Sanskrit वायु (vāyu) Sanskrit *मण्ड (*maṇḍa)? Sanskrit -ल (-la)? Sanskrit मण्डल (maṇḍala) Sanskrit वायुमण्डल (vāyumaṇḍala) Hindi बवंडर Inherited from Sanskrit वातमण्डल (vātamaṇḍala, “whirlwind”) or वायुमण्डल (vāyumaṇḍala, “whirlwind”). In either case, the first part is from…
köken: Synchronically vertō + -īgō. Diachronically, may be derived from vertex, vertic-, with the velar assimilated in oblique cases to the nasal suffix derived from Proto-Indo-European *-h₃onh₂- (e.g. genitive *wertik-nes > *wertig-nes > vertīginis).