certain, guaranteed (sure, positive) · certain (specified, particular)
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *krey- Proto-Italic *kritos Latin certus Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Italic *-nos Latin -nus Latin -ānus Latin *certānus Old French certain French certain Inherited from Old French certain, from Vulgar Latin unattested form *certānus, extended form of Latin certus (“fixed, resolved, certain”).
köken: From Old Galician-Portuguese certo, from Latin certus (“certain”), past participle of cernō (“to sift; to discern”), from Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to move; to separate”).
to exist, to be, to have · 在る: (inanimate) to be at a location; to be located · 有る: (animate) to exist, with the existence considered objective and abstract
çekim: geçmiş あった
köken: From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *aru. Compare the classical form 有(あ)り (ari).
sure, certain (about something -ban/-ben) · construed with az (a) (“that”): particular, specific, concrete · construed with egy (“a/n”) or with zero article: particular, certain
çekim: karşılaştırma bizonyosabb · üstünlük legbizonyosabb
köken: From Old Norse vís (in ǫðru vís(i) "otherwise"), from Proto-Germanic *wīsō, *wīsǭ (“manner”). Cognate with Norwegian vis, Swedish vis, English wise, Dutch wijze and German Weise. Another variant of the same word is Danish vise (“song”), Swedish visa, from Old Norse vísa.