sharp, tart (taste) · sour, pungent, bitter · rugged (terrain)
çekim: üstünlük asprissimo
eş: acerbo, acido, acre, agro, amaro, asprigno
köken: From Latin asperum (“rough”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂esp- (“to cut”). Compare Spanish and Portuguese áspero (“rough”), French âpre, Romanian aspru.
unfertile, barren, bare (such as of land) · barren, stark · austere, harsh
çekim: karşılaştırma karumpi · üstünlük karuin
köken: Possibly borrowed from a Germanic language (compare Middle Low German karich, karch), and perhaps derived with + -u. Cognate with Karelian karu, Ludian karu.