-fold, times
köken: From Middle High German vach (“-fold”), from Proto-Germanic *faką (“division, interval”).
-fold
eş: -vuldig
köken: From -voud with the suffix -ig.
Used to form a reproductive numeral (adjective) from a cardinal number.
köken: From Ancient Greek -πλάσιος (-plásios), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥-h₂-t-yo-s, from *pel- (“to fold”).
🔊 τρία (tría, “three”) + -πλάσιος (-plásios) → τριπλάσιος (triplásios, “triple”)
🔊 δώδεκα (dódeka, “twelve”) + -πλάσιος (-plásios) → δωδεκαπλάσιος (dodekaplásios, “twelvefold”)
🔊 είκοσι (eíkosi, “twenty”) + -πλάσιος (-plásios) → εικοσαπλάσιος (eikosaplásios, “twentyfold”)
group of people of a certain kind
köken: Sino-Korean word from 輩 (“certain type of people”).
🔊 불량(不良) (bullyang, “misconduct, bad character”) + -배 (-bae) → 불량배(不良輩) (bullyangbae, “thugs, troublemakers”)
🔊 소인(小人) (soin, “small-minded person”) + -배 (-bae) → 소인배(小人輩) (soinbae, “those with narrow and cunning minds”)
-fold; suffixing a number, creating an adjective
köken: Calque of Middle Low German -valdich, equivalent to -fald + -ig. Compare Danish -foldig, Dutch -voudig.
times, -fold (repeated)
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der. Proto-Balto-Slavic *kártas Proto-Slavic *kõrtъder. Polish -kroć Derived from Proto-Slavic *kõrtъ.
🔊 trzy + -kroć → trzykroć
-tuple, -fold, "X times as big/many as", or number-specific words
köken: kerta + -inen
aile: -kertaisesti, -kertaistaa, -kertaisuus, ainutkertainen, kahdeksankertainen, kaksinkertainen, keskinkertainen, kolminkertainen, kymmenkertainen, miljardikertainen
🔊 yksi (“one”) + -kertainen → yksinkertainen (“single, simple”)
🔊 kaksi (“two”) + -kertainen → kaksinkertainen (“double”)
🔊 kolme (“three”) + -kertainen → kolminkertainen (“triple”)
-fold, times
köken: From -szer (multiplicative suffix) + -es (adjective-forming suffix).
🔊 kilenc (“nine”) + -szeres → kilencszeres (“ninefold, nine times”)
pressing; urgent; hurry
köken: Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 急 (“pressing”, SV: cấp).
aile: gấp gáp, gấp rút
used to form multiplier numerals and adverbs expressing frequency or scale: times
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der. Proto-Balto-Slavic *kártas Proto-Slavic *kortъ Old Slovak krát Slovak -krát Inherited from Old Slovak krát.
🔊 dva (“two”) + -krát → dvakrát (“twice; two times”)
🔊 päť (“five”) + -krát → päťkrát (“five times”)
🔊 šiesty (“the sixth”) + -krát → šiestykrát (“the sixth time”)
-fold
köken: Learned borrowing from Old Armenian -պատիկ (-patik).
🔊 հարյուրապատիկ
-fold
🔊 du (“two”) + -obla → duobla (“twofold, double”)
grc 🔊 -πλασιόνως , -πλάσιος , -πλασίων