From Javanese ꦥꦶꦢꦤ (pidana, “court punishment”), from Old Javanese pīḍana (“pressing or squeezing; of oppressing, paining, afflicting”), from Sanskrit पीडन (pīḍana, “press, suppress”). Semantic loan from Dutch strafrecht (“criminal law”, literally “punishment law”) as Dutch straf (“punishment, penalty, sanction”).