smelly, stinking, particularly: having a moldy smell · uninviting, fusty, in need of renovation · grumpy, unfriendly
çekim: karşılaştırma muffiger · üstünlük am muffigsten
eş: miefig, moderig, modrig, muffelig, mufflig, ungelüftet
köken: The senses "smelly" and "grumpy" go back to different origins. The former pertains to Muff (“bad smell”) from Middle Low German muffen; the latter to Muffel (“grumpy person”), which is an Upper German dialect word of unknown origin. In contemporary German both senses often overlap (see below). It is therefore impossible to treat them as separate words anymore. Compare the same mixture of roots in…
stale (having lost its freshness) · fusty (smelling stale or moldy)
köken: From Ottoman Turkish بایات (bayat) ( + -ικος (-ikos)), from Arabic بَائِت (bāʔit). Compare Byzantine Greek μπαγιάτι (mpagiáti).
stuffy, stale, fusty, musty, frowsy
çekim: karşılaştırma tunkkaisempi · üstünlük tunkkaisin
köken: tunkka- + -inen, probably from Swedish dunken, dunkig
aile: tunkkaantua, tunkkaisesti, tunkkaisuus, tunkkaseitikki
stale, musty
çekim: karşılaştırma zatuchlější · üstünlük nejzatuchlější
köken: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zatъxlъ.
musty, fusty, stuffy (having an unpleasantly stale odour) · stuffy, fusty (old-fashioned)
çekim: karşılaştırma dohosabb · üstünlük legdohosabb
köken: First attested in 1456. doh (“mustiness”) + -os (adjective-forming suffix)
aile: dohosság