köken: As it is not attested in Classical dictionaries, it must be a later formation with the suffix -č like نمچ (namč, “humidity, moisture”): the base γ/qār- can be recognized in ﻏﺎری (ġâri, “sponge”), with -ī < -īk, being derived from Proto-Iranian *garH- (“soak, steep, moisten”). Hence perhaps originally meaning "sponge," it displaced سماروغ (samâruġ) in contemporary Iran. Compare Yaghnobi хорч…
köken: Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kömbe, most likely a borrowing from Proto-Slavic *gǫba. Cognate with Azerbaijani göbələk, Turkmen kömelek and Tatar гөмбә (gömbä).
mushroom · fungus · sponge (piece of porous material used for washing and cleaning)
çekim: çoğul svampar · tamlayan svamps
köken: From Old Swedish svamper, from Old East Norse svampr (compare Old West Norse svǫppr). Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *swampaz (“sponge, fungus”), variant of *swammaz. Probably a doublet of sopp and sump.
aile: dricka som en svamp, lägga svampen på, svampinfektion
mushroom (fungus and fruit of fungus) · sponge (material used to wash dishes or the body) · sponge (Porifera)
çekim: çoğul houby · tamlayan houby
köken: Inherited from Old Czech húba, from Proto-Slavic *gǫba. This might be related to Middle High German swamb (German Schwamm), Latin fungus and Greek σπόγγος (spóngos) or σφόγγος (sfóngos), which supposes some consonant transposition.
mushroom; fungus · fungal growth or infection · candle-snuff
çekim: çoğul fungī · tamlayan fungī
köken: Originally *sfungus. Along with Ancient Greek σπόγγος (spóngos, “sponge”, whence Latin spongia), σφόγγος (sphóngos), and Old Armenian սունկն (sunkn), likely a loanword from a non-Indo-European substrate language. Possibly also related to Georgian სოკო (soḳo), Tsez зикӏу (zik’u), Bezhta сакӏо (sakʼo), Moksha панга (panga) and Erzya панго (pango, “mushroom”). Linguists such as Kluge and Kroonen…